Austrian predictions

This page attempts to list various predictions made by Austrian economists about important economic and other developments. UNDER CONSTRUCTION.

Important note: Austrian economists, as Austrian economists, or praxeologists, do not predict. They can predict not as formal economists, or praxeologists, but, rather, in their role as thymologists, or economic historians. In praxeology, A causes B, other things remaining the same. But, in the real world, other things cannot be relied upon to always remain constant. Therefore, predictions of the "A will necessarily lead to B" type are strictly prohibited. Instead, praxeologists, but not thymologists, must limit themselves to statements of the if-A then-B variety.

The Great Depression

The Great Depression was predicted by several Austrian economists:

• In Austria, economist Ludwig von Mises saw the problem developing in its early stages and predicted to his colleagues in 1924 that the large Austrian bank, Credit Anstalt, would eventually crash. He wrote a full analysis of Irving Fisher’s monetary views, published in 1928, where he targeted Fisher’s reliance on price indexes as a key vulnerability that would bring about the Great Depression, concluding: "because of the imperfection of the index number, these calculations would necessarily lead in time to errors of very considerable proportions."
• F. A. Hayek published several articles in early 1929 in which he predicted the collapse of the American boom. Felix Somary, who like Mises was a student at the University of Vienna, issued several dire warnings in the late 1920s.
• In America economists Benjamin Anderson and E.C. Harwood also warned that the Federal Reserve policies would cause a crisis, and like Somary, they were largely ignored. Albert H. Wiggin summed up in 1931 that the "depression has been prolonged and not alleviated by delay in making necessary readjustments."

End of the Bretton Woods system

The collapse of the Bretton Woods System and the following rise of the gold price has been predicted by several Austrian economists and is covered in the following:

• Rothbard, Murray. 1962. The Case for a 100 Percent Gold Dollar

• Hazlitt, Henry. 1934 until 1946 From Bretton Woods to World Inflation: A Study of Causes and Consequences (editorials for New York Times)

Dot-com bubble

Main article: Austrian predictions/Dot-com bubble

The Dot-com bubble and its bust was foreseen by several Austrian economists. In October, 1999, Sean Corrigan pointed out a massive bubble and implied it will burst. He compared the conditions to those during the late summer of 1987, the Japanese bubble of the late 1980s, and the "roaring Twenties" in the United States. In March, 2000, Christopher Mayer noted that all the ingredients of a bubble - fundamental (i.e., a technological revolution), financial (i.e., a surge in money and credit) and psychological (i.e., a suspension of belief in traditional valuation measures) - appear to exist in the current bull market and predicted it will end with a bust. In August, 2000, William Anderson pointed to the bubble in the high-technology sector, mentioned the negative consequences of a regulatory attack at Microsoft (which was analyzed a year earlier by Thomas DiLorenzo). There were others.

Anderson, 2000; Corrigan, 1999; Deden, 1999; DiLorenzo, 1999; Grant, 1996A, 1996B; Hülsmann, 2000; Mayer, 2000; Reisman, 1999; Sennholz, 2000; Shostak, 1999; Thornton, 2000.

• Anderson, William. 2000. "New Economy, Old Delusion." The Free Market, August
• Corrigan, Sean. 1999. "Will the Bubble Pop?", October 18
• Deden, Anthony. 1999. "Reflections On Prosperity" December 29
• DiLorenzo, Thomas J. 1999. "Regulatory Sneak Attack." September 16
• Grant, James. 1996A. The Trouble with Prosperity, May
• Grant, James. 1996B The Trouble with Prosperity, Winter 1996, Interview
• Hülsmann, Jörg G. 2000. Schöne neue Zeichengeldwelt
• Mayer, Christopher. 2000. "The Meaning of 'Over-Valued'", March 30.
• Paul, Ron. 2000. "A Republic, If You Can Keep It" January 31
• Reisman, George. 1999. "When Will the Bubble Burst?", August 18
• Sennholz, Hans. 2000. "Can the Boom Last?", July 31
• Shostak, Frank. 1999. "Inflation, Deflation, and the Future". October 7
• Thornton, Mark. 2000. "Who Predicted the Bubble? Who Predicted the Crash?" (pdf), The Independent Review, Summer 2004

Housing bubble

Main article: Austrian predictions/Housing bubble

During and after the burst of the Dot-com bubble, numerous economists predicted the 2000s housing bubble that culminated in the Great Recession from 2008 onward.

In 2002, Robert Blumen summed up the effect of the activities of Fannie and Freddie on the housing market as shows the systemic risk and foresaw a coming bailout. Sean Corrigan pointed to the blooming real estate business among all the bankruptcies, and noted that real estate bubbles tend to pop several years after stock market bubbles, and that mortgages may fare much worse compared to stocks... along with their owners. Congressman Ron Paul criticized government involvement in housing, and said that like all artificially created bubbles, the boom in housing prices cannot last forever.

In 2004, Mark Thornton wrote that higher interest rates (indicated by the Fed) "should trigger a reversal in the housing market and expose the fallacies of the new paradigm, including how the housing boom has helped cover up increases in price inflation. Unfortunately, this exposure will hurt homeowners and the larger problem could hit the American taxpayer, who could be forced to bailout the banks and government-sponsored mortgage guarantors who have encouraged irresponsible lending practices." Later on, he spelled out the consequences for the construction industry, unemployment, foreclosures, bankruptcies, bailouts of banks and GSEs, and a long recession.

Stefan Karlsson wrote that the next crisis will be more serious than the mild recession of 2001 one; as it is, in fact, that very same crisis, only postponed.

In 2005, Doug French after observing the mania in Vegas, quipped "condos are the last segment of the housing market to catch fire in a boom and the first to crater in a bust.", and concluded that the bust must be close. Gary North warned against the danger of ARMs (adjustable rate mortgages).

Investor Peter Schiff acquired fame in a series of TV appearances (most in 2006 and 2007), where he opposed a multitude of financial experts and claimed that a bust was to come. He was warning about the speculation, ARMs, houses that couldn't be sold, people walking away from them and coming bailouts for several years before in print.

Anderson, 2001, 2003, 2007; Armentano, 2004; Beale, 2009; Blumen, 2002, 2004, 2005; Corrigan, 2002; Crovelli, 2006; DeCoster, 2003; Duffy, 2005A, 2005B, 2005C, 2005D, 2006, 2007A, 2007B, 2007C, 2007D; Economics of contempt, 2008; Englund, 2004, 2005A, 2005B, 2005C, 2005D, 2006, 2007, 2008; French, 2005; Grant, 2001; Karlsson, 2004; Mayer, 2003; Murphy, 2007, 2008; North, 2002, 2005; Paul, 2000, 2002; Polleit, 2006; Ptak, 2003; Rockwell, 2008; Rogers, 2005; Schiff, Undated A, Undated B, Undated C, Undated D, 2003A, 2003B, 2003C, 2004A, 2004B, 2005A, 2005B, 2005C, 2005D, 2006A, 2006B, 2006C, 2007A, 2007B; Sennholz, 2002; Shostak, 2003, 2005; Thornton, 2004A, 2004B, 2005, 2006; Trask, 2003; Wenzel, 2004; See also Woods (2009, p. 188 for further bibliography).

• Anderson, William L. 2001. "The Party is Over," February 20
• Anderson, William L. 2003. "Recovery or Boomlet?" July 07
• Anderson, William L. 2007. "The Party is Over – Again," August 30
• Armentano, Dominick. 2004. "Memo to Federal Reserve: Increase Interest Rates Now!"
• Beale, Theodore. 2009. "The Return of the Great Depression"
• Blumen, Robert. 2002. "Fannie Mae Distorts Markets." Mises Daily, June 17
• Blumen, Robert. 2004. "All Real Estate, All the Time". March 8
• Blumen, Robert. 2005. "Housing Bubble: Are We There Yet?" May 8
• Corrigan, Sean. 2002. "The Trouble with Debt". July 01
• Crovelli, Mark R. 2006. "Gold, Inflation, And... Austria?" May 31
• De Coster, Karen. 2003. "The House that Greenspan Built: Irrationally Exuberant Wall Street Welfare Parasites and Their Fed-God." September 12
• Duffy, Kevin. 2005A "The Super Bowl Indicator," February 5
• Duffy, Kevin. 2005B. "Honey, I Shrunk the Net Worth," March 3
• Duffy, Kevin. 2005C. "Alan, We Have a Problem," August 2
• Duffy, Kevin. 2005D. "Panic Now and Beat the Rush," September 24
• Duffy, Kevin. 2006. "Are Mortgage Borrowers Rational?" June 24
• Duffy, Kevin. 2007A. "It’s a Mad, Mad, Mad, Mad World," May 22
• Duffy, Kevin. 2007B. "For Whom Do the Bells Toll?" Barron’s, June 18
• Duffy, Kevin. 2007C. "Financial Markets on Crack," August 22
• Duffy, Kevin. 2007D. "Mr. Mozilo Goes to Washington," September 15
• Economics of contempt. 2008. "The Unofficial List of Pundits/Experts Who Were Wrong on the Housing Bubble." July 16
• Englund, Eric. 2004. "Monetizing Envy and America’s Housing Bubble". July 19
• Englund, Eric. 2005A. "Houses Are Consumer Durables, Not Investments," June 8
• Englund, Eric. 2005B. "Diminishing Property Rights Will Lead to a Higher Rate of Mortgage Defaults." June 28
• Englund, Eric. 2005C. "When the Housing Bubble Bursts, Will President Bush Practice Mugabenomics?" July, 19
• Englund, Eric. 2005D. "When Will America's Housing Bubble Burst?" November 4
• Englund, Eric. 2006. "The Federal Reserve and Housing: A Cluster of Errors?" April 22
• Englund, Eric. 2007. "From Prime to Subprime, America's Home-Mortgage Meltdown Has Just Begun." September 24
• Englund, Eric. 2008. "Countrywide Financial Corporation and the Failure of Mortgage Socialism." January 28
• French, Doug. 2005. "Condo-mania." July 11
• Grant, James. 2001. "Sometimes the Economy Needs a Setback." New York Times. September 9
• Karlsson, Stefan. 2004. "America's Unsustainable Boom." November 8
• Mayer, Chris. 2003. "The Housing Bubble." The Free Market. Volume 23, Number 8 August
• Mueller, Antony P. 2004. "Mr Bailout", September 30
• Murphy, Robert P. 2007 "The Fed’s Role in the Housing Bubble." December 28
• Murphy, Robert P. 2008. "Did the Fed, or Asian Saving, Cause the Housing Bubble?" November 19
• North, Gary. 2002. "How the FED Inflated the Real Estate Bubble by Pushing Down Mortgage Rates: Report As of 2002," Reality Check, March 4
• North, Gary. 2005. "Surreal Estate on the San Andreas Fault." November 25, 2005
• Paul, Ron. 2000. "A Republic, If You Can Keep It" January 31
• Paul, Ron, 2002. "Testimony to U.S. House of Representatives", July 16
• Polleit, Thorsten. 2006. "Sowing the Seeds of the Next Crisis." April 25
• Ptak, Justin. 2003. "Government Employees, Go Home!" November 12
• Rockwell, Llewellyn H, Jr. 2008. The Left, the Right, and the State. Auburn, AL: The Mises Institute, 2008
• Rogers, Jim. 2005. "Interview with Jim Rogers on the housing bubble." April 22
• Schiff, Peter. "Peter Schiff predictions" (video) Undated A.
• Schiff, Peter. "Peter Schiff Was Right" (video). Undated B.
• Schiff, Peter. "Peter Schiff was right 2006-2007 - CNBC edition" (video). Undated C.
• Schiff, Peter. "Peter Schiff Was Right Again " (video). Undated D.
• Schiff, Peter. 2003A. Commentary, March
• Schiff, Peter. 2003B. Commentary, April
• Schiff, Peter. 2003C. Commentary, June
• Schiff, Peter. 2004A. Commentary, May
• Schiff, Peter. 2004B. Commentary, June
• Schiff, Peter. 2005A. Commentary, April
• Schiff, Peter. 2005B. Commentary, July
• Schiff, Peter. 2005C. Commentary, August
• Schiff, Peter. 2005D. Commentary, October
• Schiff, Peter. 2006A. Appearance on CNBC, January (video)
• Schiff, Peter. 2006B. Speech to the Money Show Conference, February (video)
• Schiff, Peter. 2006C. Speech to the Western Regional Mortgage Bankers Conference in Las Vegas November (video, transcript)
• Schiff, Peter. 2007A. Crash Proof: How to Profit From the Coming Economic Collapse (1st edition) New York, N.Y.: Wiley, February 2007
• Schiff, Peter. 2007B. Appearance on Fox News – January 12 (video)
• Sennholz, Hans F. 2002. "The Fed is Culpable." November 11
• Shostak, Frank. 2003. "Housing Bubble: Myth or Reality?" March 4
• Shostak, Frank. 2005 "Is There a Glut of Saving?" August 4
• Thornton, Mark. 2004A. "'Bull' Market?" February 9.
• Thornton, Mark. 2004B. "Housing: too good to be true." June 4
• Thornton, Mark. 2005. "Is the Housing Bubble Popping?" , August
• Thornton, Mark. 2006. "The Economics of Housing Bubbles.", June
• Trask, H.A. Scott. 2003. "Reflation in American History." October 31
• Wenzel, Robert. 2004. "Government Isn't God: FDIC Sticks Banks With Bad Loans and Sticks Borrowers With Subprime Junk."
• Woods, Thomas E. Jr. 2009. Meltdown: A Free-Market Look at Why the Stock Market Collapsed, the Economy Tanked, and Government Bailouts Will Make Things Worse. Washington D.C.: Regnery Publishing

Other predictions

• The Skyscraper index shows a correlation between the construction of the world's tallest buildings and impending financial crises. While not developed by Austrian economists, it is compatible with their views about the business cycle.

Links

• The Unofficial List of Pundits/Experts Who Were Wrong on the Housing Bubble by Posted by Economics of Contempt, July 2008
• Keynesian Predictions vs. American History | Thomas E. Woods, Jr. (video), January 2010