Estonia: Difference between revisions
Pestergaines (talk | contribs) m 2 revisions: Importing pages from Autrian Economics Wiki. |
m →Links: External Links to Links, replaced: ==External links== → ==Links== |
||
| Line 114: | Line 114: | ||
{{Reflist}} | {{Reflist}} | ||
== | ==Links== | ||
* [[Wikipedia:Estonia|Estonia]] on Wikipedia | * [[Wikipedia:Estonia|Estonia]] on Wikipedia | ||
* [http://www.bankofestonia.info Central bank] of Estonia | * [http://www.bankofestonia.info Central bank] of Estonia | ||
Revision as of 18:42, 21 June 2011
After centuries of Danish, Swedish, German, and Russian rule, Estonia attained independence in 1918. Forcibly incorporated into the USSR in 1940 - an action never recognized by the US - it regained its freedom in 1991 with the collapse of the Soviet Union. Since the last Russian troops left in 1994, Estonia has been free to promote economic and political ties with Western Europe. It joined both NATO and the EU in the spring of 2004.[1]
Economical characteristics
- Currency: Estonian kroon, Euro (ISO code: EEK, EUR)
- Central bank discount rate: [1]
- Commercial banks lending rate: 8.55% (31 December 2008)[1]
- Stock of money (M1): $6.106 billion (31 December 2008)[1]
- Quasi money (with M1 makes M2): $5.478 billion (31 December 2008)[1]
Statistics
| Statistic / Year | 1999 | 2000 | 2001 | 2002 | 2003 | 2004 | 2005 | 2006 | 2007 | 2008 |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| GDP (million USD)[2] | 5 705 | 5 676 | 6 240 | 7 324 | 9 845 | 12 031 | 13 903 | 16 606 | 21 448 | 23 401 |
| Govt. debt (% of GDP)[3] | 6.872 | 6.346 | 7.411 | 7.829 | 7.955 | 5.389 | 4.846 | 4.095 | ||
| Govt. revenue (% of GDP)[4] | 30.990 | 29.898 | 30.937 | 31.328 | 30.524 | 30.184 | 31.402 | 31.937 | ||
| Govt. expenses (% of GDP)[5] | 29.488 | 27.734 | 27.903 | 27.490 | 27.629 | 26.859 | 26.728 | 26.844 | ||
| Debt to revenue (years) | 0.222 | 0.212 | 0.240 | 0.250 | 0.261 | 0.179 | 0.154 | 0.128 |
References
Note: statistical data was rounded. Different sources may use different methodologies for their estimates. Debt to revenue is calculated by dividing the two variables from their original ('unrounded') values. It represents how long it would a government take to repay its entire debt if it used its whole revenue for this purpose.
- ↑ 1.0 1.1 1.2 1.3 1.4 Cite error: Invalid
<ref>tag; no text was provided for refs namedCIA_EE - ↑ World Bank. "Estonia: GDP", from World Bank Data. Referenced 2010-09-29.
- ↑ World Bank. "Estonia: government debt", from World Bank Data. Referenced 2010-09-29.
- ↑ World Bank. "Estonia: government revenue", from World Bank Data. Referenced 2010-09-29.
- ↑ World Bank. "Estonia: government expenses", from World Bank Data. Referenced 2010-09-29.
Links
- Estonia on Wikipedia
- Central bank of Estonia
- Country profile (pdf) from the Enterprise Studies page (part of the The World Bank Group)
- Studies from the Library of Congress (1986-1998)
- BBC country profile
- Ministers offer Estonia entry to eurozone January 1 - Estonia to enter the Eurozone by January 1st, 2011