Mali

The Sudanese Republic and Senegal became independent of France in 1960 as the Mali Federation. When Senegal withdrew after only a few months, what formerly made up the Sudanese Republic was renamed Mali. Rule by dictatorship was brought to a close in 1991 by a military coup - led by the current president Amadou TOURE - enabling Mali's emergence as one of the strongest democracies on the continent. President Alpha KONARE won Mali's first democratic presidential election in 1992 and was reelected in 1997. In keeping with Mali's two-term constitutional limit, KONARE stepped down in 2002 and was succeeded by Amadou TOURE, who was subsequently elected to a second term in 2007. The elections were widely judged to be free and fair.

Economical characteristics

• Currency: West African CFA franc (ISO code: XOF)
• Central bank discount rate: 4.25% (31 December 2009)
• Commercial banks lending rate: NA% (31 December 2009 )
• Stock of money (M1): $1.559 billion (31 December 2008)
• Quasi money (with M1 makes M2): $561 million (31 December 2008)

Statistics

Statistic / Year	1999	2000	2001	2002	2003	2004	2005	2006	2007	2008
GDP (million USD)	2 570	2 422	2 630	3 343	4 362	4 874	5 305	5 866	6 848	8 740
Govt. debt (% of GDP)
Govt. revenue (% of GDP)		13.444	14.556	14.225	16.420	17.604	17.973	16.724	16.244
Govt. expenses (% of GDP)		11.607	14.513	13.601	13.951	15.259	15.107	15.685	15.249
Debt to revenue (years)

References

Note: statistical data was rounded. Different sources may use different methodologies for their estimates. Debt to revenue is calculated by dividing the two variables from their original ('unrounded') values. It represents how long it would a government take to repay its entire debt if it used its whole revenue for this purpose.

External links

• Mali on Wikipedia
• Central bank of Mali
• Country profile (pdf) from the Enterprise Studies page (part of the The World Bank Group)
• BBC country profile