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{{Stub}}
{{Infobox Country
 
{{Infobox
|Box title = Country summary
|Box title = Country summary
|Row 1 title = Capital
|Row 1 title = Capital
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|Row 3 info = a parliamentary democracy, a federation, and a constitutional monarchy
|Row 3 info = a parliamentary democracy, a federation, and a constitutional monarchy
|Row 4 title = Population
|Row 4 title = Population
|Row 4 info = 33,487,208 (July 2010 est.)<ref name="CIA_CA">CIA - The World Facebook. [https://www.cia.gov/library/publications/the-world-factbook/geos/countrytemplate_ca.html "Canada"], from The World Facebook. Referenced 2010-09-21.</ref>
|Row 4 info = 33,487,208 (July 2010 est.)<ref name="CIA_CA">CIA - The World Factbook. [https://www.cia.gov/library/publications/the-world-factbook/geos/countrytemplate_ca.html "Canada"], from The World Factbook. Referenced 2010-09-21.</ref>
|Row 5 title = Life expectancy
|Row 5 title = Population growth %
|Row 5 info = 81.23 years<ref name="CIA_CA" />
|Row 5 info = 0.82 (2010 est.)<ref name="CIA_CA" />
|Row 6 title = Unemployment
|Row 6 title = Life expectancy
|Row 6 info = 8.3% (2009 est.)<ref name="CIA_CA" />
|Row 6 info = 81.23 years<ref name="CIA_CA" />
|Row 7 title = [[Wikipedia:Index of Economic Freedom|Index of Economic Freedom]]
|Row 7 title = Unemployment
|Row 7 info = 7<ref name="Heritage_CA">Heritage Foundation. [http://www.heritage.org/Index/Country/Canada "Canada"], Economic Freedom Score. A lower ranking is better; but please be careful when comparing between different countries or years. Referenced 2010-09-21.</ref>
|Row 7 info = 8.3% (2009 est.)<ref name="CIA_CA" />
|Row 8 title = [[Wikipedia:Corruption Perceptions Index|Corruption Perceptions Index]]
|Row 8 title = [[Wikipedia:Index of Economic Freedom|Index of Economic Freedom]]
|Row 8 info = 8<ref name="Transparency_CA">Transparency International. [http://www.transparency.org/policy_research/surveys_indices/cpi/2009/cpi_2009_table "Canada"], Corruption Perceptions Index 2009. A lower ranking is better; but please note that the numbers cannot be compared between countries or years due to different methodology. Referenced 2010-09-21.</ref>
|Row 8 info = 7<ref name="Heritage_CA">Heritage Foundation. [http://www.heritage.org/Index/Country/Canada "Canada"], Economic Freedom Score. A lower ranking is better; but please be careful when comparing between different countries or years. Referenced 2010-09-21.</ref>
|Row 9 title = [[Wikipedia:Doing Business Report|Doing Business ranking]]
|Row 9 title = [[Wikipedia:Corruption Perceptions Index|Corruption Perceptions Index]]
|Row 9 info = 8<ref name="Business_CA">Doing Business. [http://www.doingbusiness.org/economyrankings/ "Canada"], Doing Business 2010 (part of The World Bank Group). A lower ranking is better; but please be careful when comparing between different countries or years. Referenced 2010-09-21.</ref>
|Row 9 info = 8<ref name="Transparency_CA">Transparency International. [http://www.transparency.org/policy_research/surveys_indices/cpi/2009/cpi_2009_table "Canada"], Corruption Perceptions Index 2009. A lower ranking is better; but please note that the numbers cannot be compared between countries or years due to different methodology. Referenced 2010-09-21.</ref>
|Row 10 title = [[Wikipedia:Doing Business Report|Doing Business ranking]]
|Row 10 info = 8<ref name="Business_CA">Doing Business. [http://www.doingbusiness.org/economyrankings/ "Canada"], Doing Business 2010 (part of The World Bank Group). A lower ranking is better; but please be careful when comparing between different countries or years. Referenced 2010-09-21.</ref>
}}
}}


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* '''Quasi money''' (with M1 makes [[Money supply#M2|M2]]): $1.299 trillion (31 December 2008)<ref name="CIA_CA" />
* '''Quasi money''' (with M1 makes [[Money supply#M2|M2]]): $1.299 trillion (31 December 2008)<ref name="CIA_CA" />


===Notable events:===
* [[Banking crisis]]: 1837, September 1866, September 1873, October 1906, January 1908, 1912, 1923, 1983-1985<ref name="Reinhart_crisis">Carmen M. Reinhart and Kenneth S. Rogoff. [http://press.princeton.edu/titles/8973.html "This Time is Different"], ''Princeton University Press'', ISBN 978-0-691-14216-6, p. 355-356. (The list does not claim to be complete.) Referenced 2011-07-19.</ref>
* [[Public default]]: 1935 ("near", external)
* Years in [[inflation]]:  0.7% (share of years 1867-2009 with annual inflation above 20 per cent per annum)<ref name="Reinhart_histories">Carmen M. Reinhart. [http://www.princeton.edu/economics/seminar-schedule-by-prog/macro-s10/papers/Reinhardt-Chartbook.pdf "This Time is Different Chartbook: Country Histories on Debt, Default, and Financial Crises"] (pdf), March 3, 2010, p. 28. (The list does not claim to be complete.) Referenced 2011-07-19.</ref>


===Statistics===
===Statistics===
Line 109: Line 113:


==References==
==References==
<small>Note: statistical data was rounded. Debt to revenue is calculated by dividing the two variables from their original ('unrounded') values. It represents how long it would a government take to repay its entire debt if it used its whole revenue for this purpose.</small>
<small>Note: statistical data was rounded. Different sources may use different methodologies for their estimates. Debt to revenue is calculated by dividing the two variables from their original ('unrounded') values. It represents how long it would a government take to repay its entire debt if it used its whole revenue for this purpose.</small>
{{Reflist}}
{{Reflist}}


==External links==
==Links==
* [[Wikipedia:Canada|Canada]] on Wikipedia
* [[Wikipedia:Canada|Canada]] on Wikipedia
* [http://www.bankofcanada.ca/en Central bank] of Canada
* [http://www.bankofcanada.ca/en Central bank] of Canada
* BBC [http://news.bbc.co.uk/1/hi/world/americas/country_profiles/1198865.stm country profile]
* BBC [http://news.bbc.co.uk/1/hi/world/americas/country_profiles/1198865.stm country profile]
* [http://mises.org/daily/4705 Libertarian Outsider Edgar Z. Friedenberg] by Jeff Riggenbach, September 2010 (about Canadian society)
* [http://mises.org/daily/4705 Libertarian Outsider Edgar Z. Friedenberg] by Jeff Riggenbach, September 2010 (about Canadian society)
* [http://www.financialpost.com/news-sectors/economy/story.html?id=2668127 75 years of funny money] by Martin Masse, March 2010
* [http://www.montrealgazette.com/news/canada/Ombudsman+wants+review+federal+contracting+rules/3285214/story.html Ombudsman wants review of federal contracting rules] by Kathryn May, July 2010
* [http://www.globalresearch.ca/index.php?context=va&aid=12007 Canada's 75 Billion Dollar Bank Bailout] by Michel Chossudovsky, January 2009
* [http://reason.com/archives/2010/10/12/it-can-happen-here/1 It Can Happen Here] (Government really can be cut: case studies from Canada, New Zealand, and the United States) by David R. Henderson, November 2010
* [http://www.energyshop.com/es/contactus/IKEA-Solar-Panels.pdf Power failure] by Terence Corcoran, October 2010
* [http://www.financialpost.com/CLIMATE+CONFUSION/3859647/story.html Climate of confusion] by Jameson Berkow, November 2010
* [http://www.theglobeandmail.com/report-on-business/commentary/neil-reynolds/an-easy-inflation-killing-idea-save-the-penny/article1866280/ An easy inflation-killing idea: Save the penny] by Neil Reynolds, January 2011
* [http://www.globaltoronto.com/Debt+Clock+shows+National+deficit+over+billion/4402911/story.html Debt Clock shows National deficit over $500 billion] by Sarah Richter, March 2011
* [http://mises.org/daily/5583/How-Canada-Escaped-the-Global-Recession How Canada Escaped the Global Recession] by David Lee, August 2011
* [http://www.foxnews.com/politics/2009/06/30/canada-sees-boom-private-health-care-business/?test=latestnews Canada Sees Boom in Private Health Care Business], by Molly Line, June 2009
[[Category:Countries]]
[[Category:Countries]]

Latest revision as of 21:29, 19 February 2013

Country summary

Capital

Ottawa

Borders

US 8,893 km (includes 2,477 km with Alaska)

Government type

a parliamentary democracy, a federation, and a constitutional monarchy

Population

33,487,208 (July 2010 est.)[1]

Population growth %

0.82 (2010 est.)[1]

Life expectancy

81.23 years[1]

Unemployment

8.3% (2009 est.)[1]

Index of Economic Freedom

7[2]

Corruption Perceptions Index

8[3]

Doing Business ranking

8[4]


A land of vast distances and rich natural resources, Canada became a self-governing dominion in 1867 while retaining ties to the British crown. Economically and technologically the nation has developed in parallel with the US, its neighbor to the south across an unfortified border. Canada faces the political challenges of meeting public demands for quality improvements in health care and education services, as well as responding to the particular concerns of predominantly francophone Quebec. Canada also aims to develop its diverse energy resources while maintaining its commitment to the environment.[1]

Economical characteristics

  • Currency: Canadian Dollar (ISO code: CAD)
  • Central bank discount rate: 1.75% (31 December 2008)[1]
  • Commercial banks lending rate: 4.73% (31 December 2008)[1]
  • Stock of money (M1): $356.2 billion (31 December 2008)[1]
  • Quasi money (with M1 makes M2): $1.299 trillion (31 December 2008)[1]

Notable events:

  • Banking crisis: 1837, September 1866, September 1873, October 1906, January 1908, 1912, 1923, 1983-1985[5]
  • Public default: 1935 ("near", external)
  • Years in inflation: 0.7% (share of years 1867-2009 with annual inflation above 20 per cent per annum)[6]

Statistics

Statistic / Year 1999 2000 2001 2002 2003 2004 2005 2006 2007 2008
GDP (million USD)[7] 661 265 724 919 715 424 734 662 865 873 992 242 1 132 720 1 278 640 1 429 700 1 501 330
Govt. debt (% of GDP)[8] 65.980 59.922 57.828 54.670 51.865 48.573 45.174
Govt. revenue (% of GDP)[9] 21.359 20.873 20.392 19.754 19.764 19.726 19.642 19.255 19.578
Govt. expenses (% of GDP)[10] 20.195 19.044 18.725 18.577 18.617 18.415 18.073 17.863 17.762
Debt to revenue (years) 3.089 2.871 2.836 2.768 2.624 2.462 2.300

References

Note: statistical data was rounded. Different sources may use different methodologies for their estimates. Debt to revenue is calculated by dividing the two variables from their original ('unrounded') values. It represents how long it would a government take to repay its entire debt if it used its whole revenue for this purpose.

  1. ↑ 1.0 1.1 1.2 1.3 1.4 1.5 1.6 1.7 1.8 CIA - The World Factbook. "Canada", from The World Factbook. Referenced 2010-09-21.
  2. ↑ Heritage Foundation. "Canada", Economic Freedom Score. A lower ranking is better; but please be careful when comparing between different countries or years. Referenced 2010-09-21.
  3. ↑ Transparency International. "Canada", Corruption Perceptions Index 2009. A lower ranking is better; but please note that the numbers cannot be compared between countries or years due to different methodology. Referenced 2010-09-21.
  4. ↑ Doing Business. "Canada", Doing Business 2010 (part of The World Bank Group). A lower ranking is better; but please be careful when comparing between different countries or years. Referenced 2010-09-21.
  5. ↑ Carmen M. Reinhart and Kenneth S. Rogoff. "This Time is Different", Princeton University Press, ISBN 978-0-691-14216-6, p. 355-356. (The list does not claim to be complete.) Referenced 2011-07-19.
  6. ↑ Carmen M. Reinhart. "This Time is Different Chartbook: Country Histories on Debt, Default, and Financial Crises" (pdf), March 3, 2010, p. 28. (The list does not claim to be complete.) Referenced 2011-07-19.
  7. ↑ World Bank. "Canada: GDP", from World Bank Data. Referenced 2010-09-21.
  8. ↑ World Bank. "Canada: government debt", from World Bank Data. Referenced 2010-09-21.
  9. ↑ World Bank. "Canada: government revenue", from World Bank Data. Referenced 2010-09-21.
  10. ↑ World Bank. "Canada: government expenses", from World Bank Data. Referenced 2010-09-21.

Links

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