The Austrian Economics Wiki - User contributions [en]

Argumentation:Free riders

2013-10-25T06:29:27Z

PhilWiki:

{{argumentation}}
*In a voluntary society there would be [[free rider]]s in the cost of [[national defense]].
:*Do you think everyone pays equally today?
:* It depends on the state or country where you are living. In the industrial nations, everyone is covered by that.[[User:PhilWiki|PhilWiki]] ([[User talk:PhilWiki|talk]]) 10:29, 25 October 2013 (MSK)

Richard Nixon

2013-10-23T13:45:33Z

PhilWiki:

'''Richard Nixon''' (January 9, 1913 – April 22, 1994) was the 37th [[President of the United States]] (1969–1974).
==Links==
*[[https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Richard_Nixon Wikipedia]]
{{stub}}
{{DEFAULTSORT:Nixon, Richard}}
[[Category:Presidents of the United States]]

Richard Nixon

2013-10-23T13:44:53Z

PhilWiki:

'''Richard Nixon''' (January 9, 1913 – April 22, 1994) was the 37th [[President of the United States]] (1969–1974).
*[[https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Richard_Nixon Wikipedia]]
{{stub}}
{{DEFAULTSORT:Nixon, Richard}}
[[Category:Presidents of the United States]]

Libertarian Party (United States)

2013-10-23T13:26:01Z

PhilWiki: /* Links */

The '''United States Libertarian Party''' is a minor political party in the United States. It was founded in 1971 in Colorado.{{Fact}}

==Views==
[[Murray Rothbard]] said at the the first convention of the party:<ref>{{cite news|volume=V|number=6|date=June 1973|author=Rothbard, Murray|publisher=The Libertarian Forum|issn=0047-4517|title=The Need for a Movement and a Party|url=https://mises.org/journals/lf/1973/1973_06.pdf}}</ref>

{{cquote|A political party, as everyone concedes, can educate a public who will only listen to political ideas during an electoral campaign: and it will be aided in this by the equal time that the media grant to political candidates. But public education is only one of the vital functions that a Libertarian Partv can perfrom. It can eventually have real political influence, and even elect people to office. Only one or two congressman, for example, could have great political influence and leverage by serving as a ginger group, a vanguard for the repeal of oppressive legislation, the whittling down of crippling taxes, and for the general rollback of the State apparatus. We can organize mass public pressure from below against State tyranny.

For we must ask ourselves the vital question: how else can we roll back the oppressive State apparatus? How else can we repeal despotic laws and crippling taxes? How else than by pressuring the legislature to repeal them, and what better way than by electing persons dedicated to such repeal? To pressure Congress from below, to lobby, is fine, but scarcely enough. What better organizer of State-rollback than people who are part of a functioning, growing, and dedicated Libertarian Party?

The vital point is that our anti-Party libertarians can offer no alternative solution to the problem of repealing and rolling back the State. Libertarian education is great, but scarcely enough; we cannot place any strategic reliance on our rulers reading our books and pamphlets and then saying: "By God, they're right. I resign." [[Violent revolution]], as the [[New Left]] demonstrated, is absurd in the American context. Mass [[civil disobedience]], as in the case of [[alcohol Prohibition|Prohibition]], is great, but is historically only sporadic and fitful; besides, even repeal of Prohibition required Congressmen willing to vote to end the horrors of Prohibition — a vote that would have been greatly speeded up by some Libertarians in their midst.}}

The main short-term goal of the U.S. LP has generally been to launch [[educational electoral campaign]]s. [[Lew Rockwell]] argued, "Many good people have run for office, and many activists have performed heroically. The problems for the LP come about when the people running the party begin to think of themselves as vying for power as versus being an educational organization that uses the structure of elections as a venue."<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.lewrockwell.com/rockwell/liberalis-inteview.html|title=Rockwell on Libertarianism|date=20 April 2007|author=Kuskowski, Jedrzej}}</ref> Rockwell described the party's platform in 2006 as "tiny, vague, rhetorically slippery, accommodating, friendlier to the state, and non-threatening to mainstream opinion."<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.lewrockwell.com/rockwell/lp-turkish-delight.html|title=The LP's Turkish Delight|author=Rockwell, Lew|date=5 September 2006}}</ref>

The pary's platform at one time took neither an [[Anarchism|anarchist]] nor [[Minarchism|minarchist]] stance, but the Party has since embraced an explicitly minarchist stance.{{Fact}}

==Radicals==
There is a radical faction within the libertarian party that pushes for what Murray Rothbard called "plumb-line libertarianism."<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.lewrockwell.com/2006/07/anthony-gregory/in-defense-of-libertarian-purity/|title=In Defense of Libertarian Purity|date=6 July 2006|author=Gregory, Anthony|publisher=LewRockwell.com}}</ref> The LPRadicals caucus holds, "Our language should inspire by reflecting our goals, not the compromises we may have to accept on the way to gaining them."<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.lpradicals.org/pages/home/key-points.php|title=Radical Caucus Key Points|publisher=LPRadicals}}</ref>

==References==
{{reflist}}

==Links==
* {{wplink}}

[[Category:Organizations]]

*[[http://www.lp.org/ Libertarian Party] official Site]

Charity

2013-10-21T09:38:59Z

PhilWiki: /* Statistics */

In modern usage, the practice of '''charity''' means the giving of help to those in need who are not related to the giver.

{{See also|Foreign aid|Friendly societies|Welfare|Welfare state}}

==Statistics==
In the [[United States]], in 2010 total giving to charitable organizations was estimated at $290.89 billion in 2010 (about 2% of [[GDP]]).

* Most of the money came from individuals: $211.77 billion (73% of total giving).
* 14% of donations came from foundations for a total of $41 billion.
* Bequests accounted for 8% of donations or a total of $22.83 billion.
* Giving by corporations amounted to just 5% of all giving in 2010 ($15.29 billion).

Where did all that money go?
* 35% of all donations, or $100.63 billion, went to religious organizations. Most of this giving is to the donor’s house of worship.
* At 14% ($41.67 billion) of giving in 2010, the next largest sector was education.
* 9% of donations ($26.49 billion ) went to human services charities.
* 8% went to health charities for a total of $22.83 billion.
* 8% went to public benefit charities for a total of $24.24 billion.
* 5% went to arts, culture, humanities charities which received a total of $13.28 billion.
* 5% went to international charities for a total of $15.77 billion. International charities saw the biggest growth in giving (15.3%), in part, because of the earthquake in [[Haiti]] (January 2010). (See also [[foreign aid]].)
* 2% of donations went to environmental and animal charities.<ref name="Charity_Navigator">Sandra Miniutti. [http://blog.charitynavigator.org/2011/06/charitable-giving-in-2010.html "Charitable Giving In 2010"], ''Charity Navigator'' (see also the [http://www.charitynavigator.org/index.cfm?bay=content.view&cpid=42 summary] or executive summary [http://www.givingusareports.org/products/GivingUSA_2011_ExecSummary_Print.pdf pdf]). June 20, 2011. Referenced 2012-03-29.</ref>

The Chronicle of Philanthropy announced following about the Top Donors in the US 2013 (in million U.S. dollars)

* Leonard Lauder 1,000
* Michael R. Bloomberg 350
* A. Eugene Brockman Trust (A. Eugene Brockman) 250 <ref name="Top Donors">Statista.com [http://www.statista.com/statistics/256706/top-donors-to-charity-in-the-united-states/ "Top donors to charity in the United States as of 2013* (donations in million U.S. dollars)"] Referenced 2012-10-21</ref>

==Costs of private charity==
On average, 70 cents of each dollar budgeted for government assistance goes not to the poor, but to the members of the welfare bureaucracy and others serving the poor.

In contrast, administrative and other operating costs in private charities absorb, on average, only one-third or less of each dollar donated, leaving the other two-thirds (or more) to be delivered to recipients.

Depending largely on voluntary contributions, most private agencies are under strong pressures to operate efficiently and keep costs low. Benevolent citizens naturally wish a large fraction of their donations to reach the needy, and many will not keep donating to an agency that does not accomplish that. Donors can select among private nonprofit charities, and competition between charities for donations tends to insure efficiency. Yet another factor promoting efficiency of private charities is that those operating at levels of inefficiency comparable to the average government agency are often prosecuted—by the government (which never applies the same standards or threat to its own agencies)—for fraud. Pressure on private charities to avoid such prosecution, and the bad publicity and loss of public trust resulting, is strong.

Many charities are are either run by or affiliated with religious organizations, where much of the labor is donated, further reducing overhead costs. Perhaps more important, an unmeasured but certainly very large fraction of private charitable aid is administered directly to recipients by kin without any institutional intermediation at all. This widespread private family charity (and similar gifts) is the only case in which dollar-for-dollar charitable income transfers can occur.<ref name="Edwards_Costs">James Rolph Edwards. [http://mises.org/journals/jls/21_2/21_2_1.pdf The Costs of Public Income Redistribution and Private Charity] (pdf), ''Journal of Libertarian Studies'', Volume 21, No. 2 (Summer 2007): 3–20. Referenced 2013-03-29.</ref>

==References==
{{Reflist}}

==Links==
* [http://www.econlib.org/library/Enc/Charity.html Charity] by Russell Roberts, The Concise Encyclopedia of Economics
* [http://www.independent.org/pdf/tir/tir_13_03_3_chalupnicek.pdf Health Insurance before the Welfare State The Destruction of Self-Help by State Intervention] (pdf) by Pavel Chalupnicek and Lukas Dvorak, 2009
* [http://www.thefreemanonline.org/from-the-president/no-buts-about-freedom/ No Buts about Freedom] by Richard M. Ebeling, July 2005
* [http://mises.org/daily/3112 Free Gas and The Economics of Charity] by Art Carden and Timothy M. Shaughnessy, September 2008
* [http://mises.org/daily/3879 The Greatest Economic Charity] by F.A. Harper, from the [http://mises.org/resources/4904/The-Writings-of-F-A-Harper-Volume-2-Shorter-Essays The Writings of F. A. Harper, Volume 2: Shorter Essays]
* [http://www.american.com/archive/2009/march-2009/an-uncharitable-proposal An Uncharitable Proposal] by Alex M. Brill and Phillip Swagel. March 2009
* [http://www.city-journal.org/html/7_2_a2.html How Dagger John Saved New York’s Irish] by William J. Stern, 1997
* [http://www.city-journal.org/html/8_4_urbanities_once_we_knew.html Once We Knew How to Rescue Poor Kids] by William J. Stern, 1998
* [http://www.city-journal.org/html/8_1_urbanities-philanthropy.html Philanthropy That Worked] by Leo Trachtenberg, 1998
* [http://www.cato.org/sites/cato.org/files/pubs/pdf/bp62.pdf Corrupting Charity: Why Government Should Not Fund Faith-Based Charities] by Michael Tanner, March 2001
* [http://www.city-journal.org/2012/bc0302ds.html Gifts of Freedom] by Dane Stangler, March 2012
* [http://www.fee.org/the_freeman/detail/government-should-regulate-charities/ Government Should Regulate Charities?] by Sheldon Richman, December 2004
* [http://www.nationalhomeless.org/publications/foodsharing/Food_Sharing.pdf Feeding Intolerance: Prohibitions on Sharing Food with People Experiencing Homelessness] (pdf) a report by ''The National Law Center on Homelessness'' and ''Poverty and The National Coalition for the Homeless'', November 2007
* [http://www.huffingtonpost.com/2012/06/20/it-aint-over-the-business-secret_n_1607385.html It Ain't Over: The Business 9 Women Kept A Secret For Three Decades] by Lori Weiss, June 2012
* [http://www.voluntaryist.com/voluntaryist.pdf The Most Generous Nation on Earth: Voluntaryism and American Philanthropy] (pdf) by Carl Watner (from ''I Must Speak Out''), p. 414-428, April 1993
* ''The Tragedy of American Compassion'' by Marvin Olasky, 1995 ([http://books.google.de/books/about/The_Tragedy_of_American_Compassion.html?id=K6FOU-s0l0QC&redir_esc=y Google book preview])
* {{cb|2013/06/oakley-on-pathological-altruism/|Oakley on Pathological Altruism|David Gordon|June 2013}}
* [http://www.fee.org/the_freeman/detail/can-civil-society-save-us Can Civil Society Save Us?] by Lenore Ealy, August 2013
* [http://edition.cnn.com/2013/06/13/us/worst-charities Above the law: America's worst charities] by Kris Hundley and Kendall Taggart, June 2013

* {{wplink}}

[[Category:Private alternatives to public goods]]
[[Category:Concepts]]
{{Stub}}

Charity

2013-10-21T09:33:46Z

PhilWiki: /* Statistics */

In modern usage, the practice of '''charity''' means the giving of help to those in need who are not related to the giver.

{{See also|Foreign aid|Friendly societies|Welfare|Welfare state}}

==Statistics==
In the [[United States]], in 2010 total giving to charitable organizations was estimated at $290.89 billion in 2010 (about 2% of [[GDP]]).

* Most of the money came from individuals: $211.77 billion (73% of total giving).
* 14% of donations came from foundations for a total of $41 billion.
* Bequests accounted for 8% of donations or a total of $22.83 billion.
* Giving by corporations amounted to just 5% of all giving in 2010 ($15.29 billion).

Where did all that money go?
* 35% of all donations, or $100.63 billion, went to religious organizations. Most of this giving is to the donor’s house of worship.
* At 14% ($41.67 billion) of giving in 2010, the next largest sector was education.
* 9% of donations ($26.49 billion ) went to human services charities.
* 8% went to health charities for a total of $22.83 billion.
* 8% went to public benefit charities for a total of $24.24 billion.
* 5% went to arts, culture, humanities charities which received a total of $13.28 billion.
* 5% went to international charities for a total of $15.77 billion. International charities saw the biggest growth in giving (15.3%), in part, because of the earthquake in [[Haiti]] (January 2010). (See also [[foreign aid]].)
* 2% of donations went to environmental and animal charities.<ref name="Charity_Navigator">Sandra Miniutti. [http://blog.charitynavigator.org/2011/06/charitable-giving-in-2010.html "Charitable Giving In 2010"], ''Charity Navigator'' (see also the [http://www.charitynavigator.org/index.cfm?bay=content.view&cpid=42 summary] or executive summary [http://www.givingusareports.org/products/GivingUSA_2011_ExecSummary_Print.pdf pdf]). June 20, 2011. Referenced 2012-03-29.</ref>

The Chronicle of Philanthropy announced following about the Top Donors in the US 2013 (in million U.S. dollars)

* Leonard Lauder 1,000
* Michael R. Bloomberg 350
* A. Eugene Brockman Trust (A. Eugene Brockman) 250 <ref name="Top Donors">Statista. [http://www.statista.com/statistics/256706/top-donors-to-charity-in-the-united-states/] (pdf), ''Top donors to charity in the United States as of 2013* (donations in million U.S. dollars)</ref>

==Costs of private charity==
On average, 70 cents of each dollar budgeted for government assistance goes not to the poor, but to the members of the welfare bureaucracy and others serving the poor.

In contrast, administrative and other operating costs in private charities absorb, on average, only one-third or less of each dollar donated, leaving the other two-thirds (or more) to be delivered to recipients.

Depending largely on voluntary contributions, most private agencies are under strong pressures to operate efficiently and keep costs low. Benevolent citizens naturally wish a large fraction of their donations to reach the needy, and many will not keep donating to an agency that does not accomplish that. Donors can select among private nonprofit charities, and competition between charities for donations tends to insure efficiency. Yet another factor promoting efficiency of private charities is that those operating at levels of inefficiency comparable to the average government agency are often prosecuted—by the government (which never applies the same standards or threat to its own agencies)—for fraud. Pressure on private charities to avoid such prosecution, and the bad publicity and loss of public trust resulting, is strong.

Many charities are are either run by or affiliated with religious organizations, where much of the labor is donated, further reducing overhead costs. Perhaps more important, an unmeasured but certainly very large fraction of private charitable aid is administered directly to recipients by kin without any institutional intermediation at all. This widespread private family charity (and similar gifts) is the only case in which dollar-for-dollar charitable income transfers can occur.<ref name="Edwards_Costs">James Rolph Edwards. [http://mises.org/journals/jls/21_2/21_2_1.pdf The Costs of Public Income Redistribution and Private Charity] (pdf), ''Journal of Libertarian Studies'', Volume 21, No. 2 (Summer 2007): 3–20. Referenced 2013-03-29.</ref>

==References==
{{Reflist}}

==Links==
* [http://www.econlib.org/library/Enc/Charity.html Charity] by Russell Roberts, The Concise Encyclopedia of Economics
* [http://www.independent.org/pdf/tir/tir_13_03_3_chalupnicek.pdf Health Insurance before the Welfare State The Destruction of Self-Help by State Intervention] (pdf) by Pavel Chalupnicek and Lukas Dvorak, 2009
* [http://www.thefreemanonline.org/from-the-president/no-buts-about-freedom/ No Buts about Freedom] by Richard M. Ebeling, July 2005
* [http://mises.org/daily/3112 Free Gas and The Economics of Charity] by Art Carden and Timothy M. Shaughnessy, September 2008
* [http://mises.org/daily/3879 The Greatest Economic Charity] by F.A. Harper, from the [http://mises.org/resources/4904/The-Writings-of-F-A-Harper-Volume-2-Shorter-Essays The Writings of F. A. Harper, Volume 2: Shorter Essays]
* [http://www.american.com/archive/2009/march-2009/an-uncharitable-proposal An Uncharitable Proposal] by Alex M. Brill and Phillip Swagel. March 2009
* [http://www.city-journal.org/html/7_2_a2.html How Dagger John Saved New York’s Irish] by William J. Stern, 1997
* [http://www.city-journal.org/html/8_4_urbanities_once_we_knew.html Once We Knew How to Rescue Poor Kids] by William J. Stern, 1998
* [http://www.city-journal.org/html/8_1_urbanities-philanthropy.html Philanthropy That Worked] by Leo Trachtenberg, 1998
* [http://www.cato.org/sites/cato.org/files/pubs/pdf/bp62.pdf Corrupting Charity: Why Government Should Not Fund Faith-Based Charities] by Michael Tanner, March 2001
* [http://www.city-journal.org/2012/bc0302ds.html Gifts of Freedom] by Dane Stangler, March 2012
* [http://www.fee.org/the_freeman/detail/government-should-regulate-charities/ Government Should Regulate Charities?] by Sheldon Richman, December 2004
* [http://www.nationalhomeless.org/publications/foodsharing/Food_Sharing.pdf Feeding Intolerance: Prohibitions on Sharing Food with People Experiencing Homelessness] (pdf) a report by ''The National Law Center on Homelessness'' and ''Poverty and The National Coalition for the Homeless'', November 2007
* [http://www.huffingtonpost.com/2012/06/20/it-aint-over-the-business-secret_n_1607385.html It Ain't Over: The Business 9 Women Kept A Secret For Three Decades] by Lori Weiss, June 2012
* [http://www.voluntaryist.com/voluntaryist.pdf The Most Generous Nation on Earth: Voluntaryism and American Philanthropy] (pdf) by Carl Watner (from ''I Must Speak Out''), p. 414-428, April 1993
* ''The Tragedy of American Compassion'' by Marvin Olasky, 1995 ([http://books.google.de/books/about/The_Tragedy_of_American_Compassion.html?id=K6FOU-s0l0QC&redir_esc=y Google book preview])
* {{cb|2013/06/oakley-on-pathological-altruism/|Oakley on Pathological Altruism|David Gordon|June 2013}}
* [http://www.fee.org/the_freeman/detail/can-civil-society-save-us Can Civil Society Save Us?] by Lenore Ealy, August 2013
* [http://edition.cnn.com/2013/06/13/us/worst-charities Above the law: America's worst charities] by Kris Hundley and Kendall Taggart, June 2013

* {{wplink}}

[[Category:Private alternatives to public goods]]
[[Category:Concepts]]
{{Stub}}

Charity

2013-10-21T09:28:57Z

PhilWiki: /* Statistics */

In modern usage, the practice of '''charity''' means the giving of help to those in need who are not related to the giver.

{{See also|Foreign aid|Friendly societies|Welfare|Welfare state}}

==Statistics==
In the [[United States]], in 2010 total giving to charitable organizations was estimated at $290.89 billion in 2010 (about 2% of [[GDP]]).

* Most of the money came from individuals: $211.77 billion (73% of total giving).
* 14% of donations came from foundations for a total of $41 billion.
* Bequests accounted for 8% of donations or a total of $22.83 billion.
* Giving by corporations amounted to just 5% of all giving in 2010 ($15.29 billion).

Where did all that money go?
* 35% of all donations, or $100.63 billion, went to religious organizations. Most of this giving is to the donor’s house of worship.
* At 14% ($41.67 billion) of giving in 2010, the next largest sector was education.
* 9% of donations ($26.49 billion ) went to human services charities.
* 8% went to health charities for a total of $22.83 billion.
* 8% went to public benefit charities for a total of $24.24 billion.
* 5% went to arts, culture, humanities charities which received a total of $13.28 billion.
* 5% went to international charities for a total of $15.77 billion. International charities saw the biggest growth in giving (15.3%), in part, because of the earthquake in [[Haiti]] (January 2010). (See also [[foreign aid]].)
* 2% of donations went to environmental and animal charities.<ref name="Charity_Navigator">Sandra Miniutti. [http://blog.charitynavigator.org/2011/06/charitable-giving-in-2010.html "Charitable Giving In 2010"], ''Charity Navigator'' (see also the [http://www.charitynavigator.org/index.cfm?bay=content.view&cpid=42 summary] or executive summary [http://www.givingusareports.org/products/GivingUSA_2011_ExecSummary_Print.pdf pdf]). June 20, 2011. Referenced 2012-03-29.</ref>

The Chronicle of Philanthropy announced following about the Top Donors in the US 2013 (in million U.S. dollars)

* Leonard Lauder 1,000
* Michael R. Bloomberg 350
* A. Eugene Brockman Trust (A. Eugene Brockman) 250

==Costs of private charity==
On average, 70 cents of each dollar budgeted for government assistance goes not to the poor, but to the members of the welfare bureaucracy and others serving the poor.

In contrast, administrative and other operating costs in private charities absorb, on average, only one-third or less of each dollar donated, leaving the other two-thirds (or more) to be delivered to recipients.

Depending largely on voluntary contributions, most private agencies are under strong pressures to operate efficiently and keep costs low. Benevolent citizens naturally wish a large fraction of their donations to reach the needy, and many will not keep donating to an agency that does not accomplish that. Donors can select among private nonprofit charities, and competition between charities for donations tends to insure efficiency. Yet another factor promoting efficiency of private charities is that those operating at levels of inefficiency comparable to the average government agency are often prosecuted—by the government (which never applies the same standards or threat to its own agencies)—for fraud. Pressure on private charities to avoid such prosecution, and the bad publicity and loss of public trust resulting, is strong.

Many charities are are either run by or affiliated with religious organizations, where much of the labor is donated, further reducing overhead costs. Perhaps more important, an unmeasured but certainly very large fraction of private charitable aid is administered directly to recipients by kin without any institutional intermediation at all. This widespread private family charity (and similar gifts) is the only case in which dollar-for-dollar charitable income transfers can occur.<ref name="Edwards_Costs">James Rolph Edwards. [http://mises.org/journals/jls/21_2/21_2_1.pdf The Costs of Public Income Redistribution and Private Charity] (pdf), ''Journal of Libertarian Studies'', Volume 21, No. 2 (Summer 2007): 3–20. Referenced 2013-03-29.</ref>

==References==
{{Reflist}}

==Links==
* [http://www.econlib.org/library/Enc/Charity.html Charity] by Russell Roberts, The Concise Encyclopedia of Economics
* [http://www.independent.org/pdf/tir/tir_13_03_3_chalupnicek.pdf Health Insurance before the Welfare State The Destruction of Self-Help by State Intervention] (pdf) by Pavel Chalupnicek and Lukas Dvorak, 2009
* [http://www.thefreemanonline.org/from-the-president/no-buts-about-freedom/ No Buts about Freedom] by Richard M. Ebeling, July 2005
* [http://mises.org/daily/3112 Free Gas and The Economics of Charity] by Art Carden and Timothy M. Shaughnessy, September 2008
* [http://mises.org/daily/3879 The Greatest Economic Charity] by F.A. Harper, from the [http://mises.org/resources/4904/The-Writings-of-F-A-Harper-Volume-2-Shorter-Essays The Writings of F. A. Harper, Volume 2: Shorter Essays]
* [http://www.american.com/archive/2009/march-2009/an-uncharitable-proposal An Uncharitable Proposal] by Alex M. Brill and Phillip Swagel. March 2009
* [http://www.city-journal.org/html/7_2_a2.html How Dagger John Saved New York’s Irish] by William J. Stern, 1997
* [http://www.city-journal.org/html/8_4_urbanities_once_we_knew.html Once We Knew How to Rescue Poor Kids] by William J. Stern, 1998
* [http://www.city-journal.org/html/8_1_urbanities-philanthropy.html Philanthropy That Worked] by Leo Trachtenberg, 1998
* [http://www.cato.org/sites/cato.org/files/pubs/pdf/bp62.pdf Corrupting Charity: Why Government Should Not Fund Faith-Based Charities] by Michael Tanner, March 2001
* [http://www.city-journal.org/2012/bc0302ds.html Gifts of Freedom] by Dane Stangler, March 2012
* [http://www.fee.org/the_freeman/detail/government-should-regulate-charities/ Government Should Regulate Charities?] by Sheldon Richman, December 2004
* [http://www.nationalhomeless.org/publications/foodsharing/Food_Sharing.pdf Feeding Intolerance: Prohibitions on Sharing Food with People Experiencing Homelessness] (pdf) a report by ''The National Law Center on Homelessness'' and ''Poverty and The National Coalition for the Homeless'', November 2007
* [http://www.huffingtonpost.com/2012/06/20/it-aint-over-the-business-secret_n_1607385.html It Ain't Over: The Business 9 Women Kept A Secret For Three Decades] by Lori Weiss, June 2012
* [http://www.voluntaryist.com/voluntaryist.pdf The Most Generous Nation on Earth: Voluntaryism and American Philanthropy] (pdf) by Carl Watner (from ''I Must Speak Out''), p. 414-428, April 1993
* ''The Tragedy of American Compassion'' by Marvin Olasky, 1995 ([http://books.google.de/books/about/The_Tragedy_of_American_Compassion.html?id=K6FOU-s0l0QC&redir_esc=y Google book preview])
* {{cb|2013/06/oakley-on-pathological-altruism/|Oakley on Pathological Altruism|David Gordon|June 2013}}
* [http://www.fee.org/the_freeman/detail/can-civil-society-save-us Can Civil Society Save Us?] by Lenore Ealy, August 2013
* [http://edition.cnn.com/2013/06/13/us/worst-charities Above the law: America's worst charities] by Kris Hundley and Kendall Taggart, June 2013

* {{wplink}}

[[Category:Private alternatives to public goods]]
[[Category:Concepts]]
{{Stub}}