The Austrian Economics Wiki - User contributions [en]

Template:Dubious

2010-11-14T12:34:05Z

Mcornelius: Created page with "<small><sup>[dubious – [http://wiki.mises.org/wiki/Talk:{{PAGENAME}} discuss]]</sup></small> <noinclude>Mises Wiki templates</noinclude>"

<small><sup>[dubious – [http://wiki.mises.org/wiki/Talk:{{PAGENAME}} discuss]]</sup></small>
<noinclude>[[Mises Wiki templates]]</noinclude>

Intellectual property

2010-11-14T12:29:46Z

Mcornelius:

'''Intellectual property''' is [[property]] in [[idea]]s or patterns. Intellectual property laws are a grant of a [[monopoly]] to originators of ideas, giving them a legal [[right]] to [[initiate]] [[force]] (through the [[state]]) against anyone making use of the idea without the permission of the originator of that idea.

Modern [[libertarian]]s, such as [[Stephan Kinsella]] and [[Jeffrey Tucker]], consider the term to be self-contradictory, because ideas and patterns are not [[scarcity|scarce]] or [[rivalry|rivalrous]], so logically cannot be [[ownership|owned]].

==Types of Intellectual Property==

Intellectual property usually refers to [[patent]]s, [[copyright]]s and [[trademark]]s. It can also include [[trade secret]]s, [[libel]]{{dubious}} and [[slander]]{{dubious}}.

==History of Intellectual Property==

Patents emerged as a form of protection for [[mercantile]]s. Copyrights are rooted in control and [[censorship]] of ideas.

==Views on Intellectual Property==

Intellectual property is a regularly debated subject among libertarians.

*Stephan Kinsella and Jeffrey Tucker are two of the most prominent strong opposers of all forms of intellectual property.
*[[Murray Rothbard]] was opposed to patents, but he believed that a weak form of copyrights could be enforced through [[contracts]].
*[[Ludwig von Mises]] and [[F. A. Hayek]] were largely opposed to intellectual property.
*[[Ayn Rand]] was an enthusiastic supporter of intellectual property.

==Arguments against Intellectual Property==

===Ethical===

Stephan Kinsella's seminal article, ''[[Against Intellectual Property]]'' outlines the modern libertarian case against all forms of intellectual property.<ref>[http://mises.org/journals/jls/15_2/15_2_1.pdf Against Intellectual Property], Stephan Kinsella</ref> Kinsella's paper focuses on the [[ethics|unethical]] nature of intellectual property rights. They are always in opposition to real material [[property rights]]. They are a straightforward government grant of [[monopoly]] to a favored producer.

===Utilitarian===

Since advocates of intellectual property generally appeal to [[utilitarianism]] (that 'nothing will be created' if creators are not granted a monopoly over their creation), [[Michele Boldrin]] and [[David Levine]] have examined, in their book ''[[Against Intellectual Monopoly]]'',<ref>[http://levine.sscnet.ucla.edu/general/intellectual/againstfinal.htm Against Intellectual Monopoly], Michele Boldrin and David Levine</ref> the [[empirical]] evidence for this claim. They find that, rather than stimulating creativity and innovation, intellectual property laws - especially patent laws - usually inhibit creativity and innovation.

==Arguments in favour of Intellectual Property==

==References==
<references/>
[[Category: Economic concepts]]

Austrian Economics Wiki:Anniversaries/November 15

2010-11-13T17:03:03Z

Mcornelius: grammar

'''[[November 15]]''' (<span class="plainlinks">[http://wiki.mises.org/mediawiki/index.php?title=MisesWiki:Anniversaries/November_15&action=edit add]</span>):
*[[1777]] – The [[Articles of Confederation]] were adopted by the [[Second Continental Congress]] and sent to the states for ratification.
*[[1832]] – [[Jean-Baptiste Say]], a "proto-Austrian" for whom [[Say's law]] is named, died in Paris.
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{{Anniversaries by month|November|30}}
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Austrian Economics Wiki:Featured article/November 2010

2010-11-12T10:05:07Z

Mcornelius:

[[File:Carl Menger.png|left|50px|alt=Carl Menger]]
The '''[[Austrian School|Austrian School of Economics]]''' derives its name from its Austrian founders and early supporters, including [[Carl Menger]], [[Eugen von Böhm-Bawerk]] and [[Ludwig von Mises]]. Other significant economists include [[Henry Hazlitt]], [[Murray Rothbard]] and Nobel Laureate [[Friedrich Hayek]]. This school emphasizes the spontaneous organizing power of the price mechanism and holds that the complexity of subjective human choices makes mathematical modeling of the evolving market extremely difficult (or impossible). Its proponents tend to advocate a [[laissez faire]] approach to the economy and the enforcement of voluntary contractual agreements between economic agents, but otherwise the smallest imposition of coercive force (especially government-imposed) on commercial transactions.
<div align="center" class="plainlinks" style="margin: 0.5em auto 0.25; text-align: right; font-size: 92%;">[http://wiki.mises.org/mediawiki/index.php?title=MisesWiki:Featured_article/November_2010&action=edit Edit this box]</div>
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[[Category:Featured articles|{{SUBPAGENAME}}]]</noinclude>

The Last Knight of Liberalism

2010-11-12T10:04:30Z

Mcornelius:

The phrase "'''last knight of liberalism'''" was commonly applied to the person and writings of [[Ludwig von Mises]] during his last years in Vienna. It implied that he was one of the few defenders of 19th-century style laissez-faire economics and liberal economic policy remaining in the world, along with the implication that he would have no disciples in the years ahead. The phrase serves as the title of Jorg Guido Hulsmann's 2007 [http://mises.org/resources/3295/Mises-The-Last-Knight-of-Liberalism biography of Mises].

{{DEFAULTSORT:Last Knight of Liberalism, The}}
[[Category:Literature]]
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Austrian Economics Wiki:Featured article/November 2010

2010-11-12T10:03:44Z

Mcornelius:

[[File:Carl Menger.png|left|50px|alt=Carl Menger]]
The '''[[Austrian School|Austrian School of Economics]]''' derives its name from its Austrian founders and early supporters, including [[Carl Menger]], [[Eugen von Böhm-Bawerk]] and [[Ludwig von Mises]]. Other significant economists include [[Henry Hazlitt]], [[Murray Rothbard]] and Nobel Laureate [[Friedrich Hayek]]. This school emphasizes the spontaneous organizing power of the price mechanism and holds that the complexity of subjective human choices makes mathematical modeling of the evolving market extremely difficult (or impossible). Its proponents tend to advocate a laissez faire approach to the economy and the enforcement of voluntary contractual agreements between economic agents, but otherwise the smallest imposition of coercive force (especially government-imposed) on commercial transactions.
<div align="center" class="plainlinks" style="margin: 0.5em auto 0.25; text-align: right; font-size: 92%;">[http://wiki.mises.org/mediawiki/index.php?title=MisesWiki:Featured_article/November_2010&action=edit Edit this box]</div>
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[[Category:Featured articles|{{SUBPAGENAME}}]]</noinclude>

Template:Dead link

2010-11-12T10:00:48Z

Mcornelius:

<small><sup>[[MisesWiki:Dead link|[dead link]]]</sup><small>
<includeonly>[[Category:Needs link updating]]</includeonly>

User talk:Forgottenman

2010-11-12T09:59:10Z

Mcornelius:

<div style="text-align:center; font-size:larger;">'''This is my talk page'''. Click the "New section" tab ("+") above to start a new topic, or simply <span class="plainlinks">[http://wiki.mises.org/mediawiki/index.php?title=User_talk:Forgottenman&action=edit&section=new click here]</span>. <br />Sign your name with <nowiki>~~~~</nowiki> when you're finished, and click "Save page." Thanks!</div>

== [[MisesWiki:About]] ==

A few questions:
# What Wikimedia extensions are installed here?
# What types of interwiki links are available for external wiki-linking? [[User:Mcornelius|Mcornelius]] 03:59, 12 November 2010 (CST)

User talk:Forgottenman

2010-11-12T09:58:52Z

Mcornelius: /* MisesWiki:About */ new section

Interest Rate

2010-11-12T09:57:12Z

Mcornelius: Redirected page to Interest

#redirect [[Interest]]

Austrian economics

2010-11-12T09:56:58Z

Mcornelius: Redirected page to Austrian School

#redirect [[Austrian School]]

Parable of the broken window

2010-11-12T09:39:33Z

Mcornelius:

The '''parable of the broken window''', also known as the '''broken window fallacy''', was originally given in [[Frédéric Bastiat]]'s 1850 essay, ''Ce qu'on voit et ce qu'on ne voit pas'' (''[http://en.wikisource.org/wiki/Essays_on_Political_Economy/That_Which_Is_Seen,_and_That_Which_Is_Not_Seen That Which Is Seen, and That Which Is Not Seen]''). It demonstrates the costs to society that occur when property is destroyed, and illustrates the law of unintended consequences with respect to economic activity.

== The Parable ==

{{quote|
Have you ever witnessed the anger of the good shopkeeper, James B., when his careless son happened to break a square of glass? If you have been present at such a scene, you will most assuredly bear witness to the fact, that every one of the spectators, were there even thirty of them, by common consent apparently, offered the unfortunate owner this invariable consolation—"It is an ill wind that blows nobody good. Everybody must live, and what would become of the glaziers if panes of glass were never broken?"

Now, this form of condolence contains an entire theory, which it will be well to show up in this simple case, seeing that it is precisely the same as that which, unhappily, regulates the greater part of our economical institutions.

Suppose it cost six francs to repair the damage, and you say that the accident brings six francs to the glazier's trade—that it encourages that trade to the amount of six francs—I grant it; I have not a word to say against it; you reason justly. The glazier comes, performs his task, receives his six francs, rubs his hands, and, in his heart, blesses the careless child. All this is ''that which is seen''.

But if, on the other hand, you come to the conclusion, as is too often the case, that it is a good thing to break windows, that it causes money to circulate, and that the encouragement of industry in general will be the result of it, you will oblige me to call out, "Stop there! your theory is confined to that ''which is seen''; it takes no account of that ''which is not seen''."

''It is not seen'' that as our shopkeeper has spent six francs upon one thing, he cannot spend them upon another. ''It is not seen'' that if he had not had a window to replace, he would, perhaps, have replaced his old shoes, or added another book to his library. In short, he would have employed his six francs in some way, which this accident has prevented.}}

==External links==
{{wikisource|That Which Is Seen, and That Which Is Not Seen}}
* [http://bastiat.org/fr/cqovecqonvp.html "Ce qu'on voit et ce qu'on ne voit pas"] (original essay) {{Template:Dead link}}

{{DEFAULTSORT:Parable Of The Broken Window}}

[[Category:Economic concepts]]

Template:Dead link

2010-11-12T09:37:57Z

Mcornelius: Created page with "<small><sup>(dead link)</sup><small> <includeonly>Category:Needs link updating</includeonly>"

<small><sup>[[MisesWiki:Dead link|(dead link)]]</sup><small>
<includeonly>[[Category:Needs link updating]]</includeonly>

Praxeology

2010-11-12T09:28:06Z

Mcornelius:

'''Praxeology''' is the study of human action, of which economics is a part.
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