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Mauritania

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{{Stub}}

{{Infobox Country
|Box title = Country summary
|Row 1 title = Capital
|Row 1 info = Nouakchott
|Row 2 title = Borders
|Row 2 info = [[Algeria]] 463 km, [[Mali]] 2,237 km, [[Senegal]] 813 km, [[Western Sahara]] 1,561 km
|Row 3 title = Government type
|Row 3 info = military junta
|Row 4 title = Population
|Row 4 info = 3,129,486 (July 2010 est.)<ref name="CIA_MR">CIA - The World Factbook. [https://www.cia.gov/library/publications/the-world-factbook/geos/countrytemplate_mr.html "Mauritania"], from The World Factbook. Referenced 2010-10-04.</ref>
|Row 5 title = Population growth
|Row 5 info = 2.399% (2010 est.)<ref name="CIA_MR" />
|Row 6 title = Life expectancy
|Row 6 info = 60.37 years<ref name="CIA_MR" />
|Row 7 title = Unemployment
|Row 7 info = 30% (2008 est.)<ref name="CIA_MR" />
|Row 8 title = [[Wikipedia:Index of Economic Freedom|Index of Economic Freedom]]
|Row 8 info = 133<ref name="Heritage_MR">Heritage Foundation. [http://www.heritage.org/Index/Country/Mauritania "Mauritania"], Economic Freedom Score. A lower ranking is better; but please be careful when comparing between different countries or years. Referenced 2010-10-04.</ref>
|Row 9 title = [[Wikipedia:Corruption Perceptions Index|Corruption Perceptions Index]]
|Row 9 info = 130<ref name="Transparency_MR">Transparency International. [http://www.transparency.org/policy_research/surveys_indices/cpi/2009/cpi_2009_table "Mauritania"], Corruption Perceptions Index 2009. A lower ranking is better; but please note that the numbers cannot be compared between countries or years due to different methodology. Referenced 2010-10-04.</ref>
|Row 10 title = [[Wikipedia:Doing Business Report|Doing Business ranking]]
|Row 10 info = 166<ref name="Business_MR">Doing Business. [http://www.doingbusiness.org/economyrankings/ "Mauritania"], Doing Business 2010 (part of The World Bank Group). A lower ranking is better; but please be careful when comparing between different countries or years. Referenced 2010-10-04.</ref>
}}

Independent from [[France]] in 1960, '''Mauritania''' annexed the southern third of the former Spanish Sahara (now Western Sahara) in 1976 but relinquished it after three years of raids by the Polisario guerrilla front seeking independence for the territory. Maaouya Ould Sid Ahmed TAYA seized power in a coup in 1984 and ruled Mauritania with a heavy hand for more than two decades. A series of presidential elections that he held were widely seen as flawed. A bloodless coup in August 2005 deposed President TAYA and ushered in a military council that oversaw a transition to democratic rule. Independent candidate Sidi Ould Cheikh ABDALLAHI was inaugurated in April 2007 as Mauritania's first freely and fairly elected president. His term ended prematurely in August 2008 when a military junta led by General Mohamed Ould Abdel AZIZ deposed him and ushered in a military council government. AZIZ was subsequently elected president in July 2009. The country continues to experience ethnic tensions among its black population (Afro-Mauritanians) and white and black Moor (Arab-Berber) communities, and is having to confront a growing terrorism threat by al-Qa'ida in the Islamic Maghreb (AQIM).<ref name="CIA_MR" />

==Economical characteristics==
* '''Currency''': Ouguiya (ISO code: MRO)
* Central bank '''[[Wikipedia:Discount rate|discount rate]]''': NA% (31 December 2009)<ref name="CIA_MR" />
* Commercial banks '''lending rate''': NA%<ref name="CIA_MR" />
* '''Stock of money''' ([[Money supply#M1|M1]]): $NA<ref name="CIA_MR" />
* '''Quasi money''' (with M1 makes [[Money supply#M2|M2]]): $NA<ref name="CIA_MR" />

===Notable events:===
* [[Banking crisis]]: 1984-1993<ref name="Reinhart_crisis">Carmen M. Reinhart and Kenneth S. Rogoff. [http://press.princeton.edu/titles/8973.html "This Time is Different"], ''Princeton University Press'', ISBN 978-0-691-14216-6, p. 373. (The list does not claim to be complete.) Referenced 2011-07-20.</ref>

===Statistics===
{| border="1" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="5" style="text-align:center"
| Statistic / Year
! 1999
! 2000
! 2001
! 2002
! 2003
! 2004
! 2005
! 2006
! 2007
! 2008
|-
! [[GDP]] (million USD)<ref name="WorldBank_GDP_MR">World Bank. [http://open.worldbank.org/countries/mr/indicators%5BNY.GDP.MKTP.CD%5D?date=1999:2009 "Mauritania: GDP"], from World Bank [http://data.worldbank.org/ Data]. Referenced 2010-10-04.</ref>
| 1 195
| 1 081
| 1 122
| 1 150
| 1 285
| 1 548
| 1 837
| 2 663
| 2 644
| 2 858
|-
! Govt. debt (% of GDP)<ref name="WorldBank_Debt_MR">World Bank. [http://open.worldbank.org/countries/mr/indicators%5BGC.DOD.TOTL.GD.ZS%5D?date=1999:2009 "Mauritania: government debt"], from World Bank [http://data.worldbank.org/ Data]. Referenced 2010-10-04.</ref>
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! Govt. revenue (% of GDP)<ref name="WorldBank_Revenue_MR">World Bank. [http://open.worldbank.org/countries/mr/indicators%5BGC.REV.XGRT.GD.ZS%5D?date=1999:2009 "Mauritania: government revenue"], from World Bank [http://data.worldbank.org/ Data]. Referenced 2010-10-04.</ref>
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! Govt. expenses (% of GDP)<ref name="WorldBank_Expenses_MR">World Bank. [http://open.worldbank.org/countries/mr/indicators%5BGC.XPN.TOTL.GD.ZS%5D?date=1999:2009 "Mauritania: government expenses"], from World Bank [http://data.worldbank.org/ Data]. Referenced 2010-10-04.</ref>
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! Debt to revenue (years)
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|}

==References==
<small>Note: statistical data was rounded. Different sources may use different methodologies for their estimates. Debt to revenue is calculated by dividing the two variables from their original ('unrounded') values. It represents how long it would a government take to repay its entire debt if it used its whole revenue for this purpose.</small>
{{Reflist}}

==Links==
* [[Wikipedia:Mauritania|Mauritania]] on Wikipedia
* [http://www.bcm.mr/ Central bank] of Mauritania
* [http://www.enterprisesurveys.org/documents/EnterpriseSurveys/Reports/Mauritania-2006.pdf Country profile] (pdf) from the Enterprise Studies page (part of the The World Bank Group)
* [http://countrystudies.us/mauritania/ Studies] from the Library of Congress (1986-1998)
* BBC [http://news.bbc.co.uk/1/hi/world/middle_east/country_profiles/791083.stm country profile]
[[Category:Countries]]

Hawaii

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'''Hawaii''' is a [[US state]] located in the [[United States]]. It was the fiftieth state to join the United States, doing so on August 21, 1959. The capital city is [[Honolulu]], and as of 2010, its population is 1,360,301.

Hawaii comprises a chain of islands in the Pacific.

==Links==
*[http://www.hawaii.gov Official state website]

[[Category:States of the United States]]

Hawaii

2011-11-15T20:46:14Z

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'''Hawaii''' is a [[US state]] located in the [[United States]]. It was the fiftieth state to join the United States, doing so on August 21, 1959. The capital city is [[Honolulu]], and as of 2010, its population is 1,360,301.

==Links==
*[http://www.hawaii.gov Official state website]

[[Category:States of the United States]]

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