The Austrian Economics Wiki - User contributions [en]

Serbia

2010-11-20T18:30:25Z

93.103.62.198:

{{Stub}}

{{Infobox
|Box title = Country summary
|Row 1 title = Capital
|Row 1 info = Belgrade (Beograd)
|Row 2 title = Borders
|Row 2 info = [[Bosnia and Herzegovina]] 302 km, [[Bulgaria]] 318 km, [[Croatia]] 241 km, [[Hungary]] 151 km, [[Kosovo]] 352 km, [[Macedonia]] 62 km, [[Montenegro]] 124 km, [[Romania]] 476 km
|Row 3 title = Government type
|Row 3 info = republic
|Row 4 title = Population
|Row 4 info = 7,379,339<ref name="CIA_RS">CIA - The World Facebook. [https://www.cia.gov/library/publications/the-world-factbook/geos/countrytemplate_ri.html "Serbia"], from The World Facebook. Referenced 2010-09-29.</ref>
|Row 5 title = Population growth
|Row 5 info = -0.468% (2010 est.)<ref name="CIA_RS" />
|Row 6 title = Life expectancy
|Row 6 info = 73.9 years<ref name="CIA_RS" />
|Row 7 title = Unemployment
|Row 7 info = 16.6% (October 2009 est.)<ref name="CIA_RS" />
|Row 8 title = [[Wikipedia:Index of Economic Freedom|Index of Economic Freedom]]
|Row 8 info = 104<ref name="Heritage_RS">Heritage Foundation. [http://www.heritage.org/Index/Country/Serbia "Serbia"], Economic Freedom Score. A lower ranking is better; but please be careful when comparing between different countries or years. Referenced 2010-09-29.</ref>
|Row 9 title = [[Wikipedia:Corruption Perceptions Index|Corruption Perceptions Index]]
|Row 9 info = 83<ref name="Transparency_RS">Transparency International. [http://www.transparency.org/policy_research/surveys_indices/cpi/2009/cpi_2009_table "Serbia"], Corruption Perceptions Index 2009. A lower ranking is better; but please note that the numbers cannot be compared between countries or years due to different methodology. Referenced 2010-09-29.</ref>
|Row 10 title = [[Wikipedia:Doing Business Report|Doing Business ranking]]
|Row 10 info = 88<ref name="Business_RS">Doing Business. [http://www.doingbusiness.org/economyrankings/ "Serbia"], Doing Business 2010 (part of The World Bank Group). A lower ranking is better; but please be careful when comparing between different countries or years. Referenced 2010-09-29.</ref>
}}

Modern Serbia was founded in 1815 as an autonomous principality within the Ottoman Empire following the Second Serbian Uprising part of the Serbian Revolution. In 1878 it was recognized internationally as an independent state at the Congress of Berlin. Its territory was enlarged following the successful Balkan Wars in 1912 and 1913. In 1914 Austria-Hungary declared war against it and in 1915 it was occupied after a joint Austro-Hungarian, German and Bulgarian military effort.

After the conclusion of the First World War the Kingdom of Serbs, Croats, and Slovenes was formed encompassing Serbia, Montenegro and South Slav areas of the defunct Austria-Hungary to be renamed the Kingdom of Yugoslavia in 1929. Yugoslavia was invaded and occupied by the Axis in 1941, a complex conflict ensued with a brutal Yugoslav civil war occurring simultaneously with a determined resistance against to the occupiers. To emerge as the victor from this conflict were the Communist Partisans headed by Josip Broz "Tito". Owing to a 1948 Tito-Stalin split the new Communist Yugoslavia was not a Warsaw Pact nation but steered its own path in international politics playing a visible role in the Non-Aligned Movement.

The position of conventional Communist Party officials in the country was first usurped by a populist reformist, Slobodan Milošević, becoming the president of the Socialist Republic of Serbia in 1989. Soon after the first multi-party elections in the post-war Yugoslavia held in 1990 the country broke up as Slovenia and Croatia declared independence in 1991 to be followed by Bosnia and Herzegovina and Macedonia the next year. The rump Federal Republic Yugoslavia, now consisting of Serbia and Montenegro only, was not recognized as the legal successor to the Socialist Federal Republic of Yugoslavia, but was forced to reapply for UN membership anew. During the wars of the 1990s in Croatia and Bosnia and Herzegovina - which pitted local Serbs against the authorities of the newly independent states - Slobodan Milošević was singled out as the main culprit and aggressor and FR Yugoslavia was subject to international isolation, with economic sanctions, travel restrictions and banns from international sports imposed.

The sanctions were slowly lifted after the war in Bosnia and Herzegovina had concluded with the signing of the Dayton Agreement, which Milošević signed on the behalf of the Bosnian Serbs after their leadership had been forced underground by indictments for war crimes by the ICTY. In 1998 in the province of Kosovo an armed insurgency begun with the goal of securing an international intervention on their behalf. The intervention materialized in 1999 in the form of NATO's 78 day bombing campaign against Yugoslavia. The bombing and the Kosovo War ceased with the Kumanovo Agreement where the Serbs accepted a NATO occupying force in Kosovo after the UN security council passed resolution 1244 reaffirming Yugoslav sovereignty over the province.

Slobodan Milošević was ousted in October 2000, in 2003 FR Yugoslavia instituted constitutional reforms changing its name to State Union of Serbia and Montenegro and in 2006 Montenegro exited the union after a referendum. Kosovo Albanians declared independence in February 2008 and have so far been recognized by some sixty states. Foreign troops remain in Kosovo which remains a protectorate of western powers.

==Economical characteristics==
* '''Currency''': Serbian dinar (ISO code: RSD)
* Central bank '''[[Wikipedia:Discount rate|discount rate]]''': 9.5% (31 December 2009)<ref name="CIA_RS" />
* Commercial banks '''lending rate''': 11.78% (31 December 2009)<ref name="CIA_RS" />
* '''Stock of money''' ([[Money supply#M1|M1]]): $3.69 billion (31 December 2009)<ref name="CIA_RS" />
* '''Quasi money''' (with M1 makes [[Money supply#M2|M2]]): $14.11 billion (31 December 2009)<ref name="CIA_RS" />

===Statistics===
{| border="1" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="5" style="text-align:center"
| Statistic / Year
! 1999
! 2000
! 2001
! 2002
! 2003
! 2004
! 2005
! 2006
! 2007
! 2008
|-
! [[GDP]] (USD)<ref name="WorldBank_GDP_RS">World Bank. [http://open.worldbank.org/countries/rs/indicators%5BNY.GDP.MKTP.CD%5D?date=1999:2009 "Serbia: GDP"], from World Bank [http://data.worldbank.org/ Data]. Referenced 2010-09-29.</ref>
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|-
! Govt. debt (% of GDP)<ref name="WorldBank_Debt_RS">World Bank. [http://open.worldbank.org/countries/rs/indicators%5BGC.DOD.TOTL.GD.ZS%5D?date=1999:2009 "Serbia: government debt"], from World Bank [http://data.worldbank.org/ Data]. Referenced 2010-09-29.</ref>
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|-
! Govt. revenue (% of GDP)<ref name="WorldBank_Revenue_RS">World Bank. [http://open.worldbank.org/countries/rs/indicators%5BGC.REV.XGRT.GD.ZS%5D?date=1999:2009 "Serbia: government revenue"], from World Bank [http://data.worldbank.org/ Data]. Referenced 2010-09-29.</ref>
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|-
! Govt. expenses (% of GDP)<ref name="WorldBank_Expenses_RS">World Bank. [http://open.worldbank.org/countries/rs/indicators%5BGC.XPN.TOTL.GD.ZS%5D?date=1999:2009 "Serbia: government expenses"], from World Bank [http://data.worldbank.org/ Data]. Referenced 2010-09-29.</ref>
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|-
! Debt to revenue (years)
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|}

==References==
Note: statistical data was rounded. Different sources may use different methodologies for their estimates. Debt to revenue is calculated by dividing the two variables from their original ('unrounded') values. It represents how long it would a government take to repay its entire debt if it used its whole revenue for this purpose.
{{Reflist}}

==External links==
* [[Wikipedia:Serbia|Serbia]] on Wikipedia
* [http://www.nbs.rs/export/internet/english/index.html Central bank] of Serbia
* [http://www.enterprisesurveys.org/documents/EnterpriseSurveys/Reports/Serbia-2009.pdf Country profile] (pdf) from the Enterprise Studies page (part of the The World Bank Group)
* BBC [http://news.bbc.co.uk/1/hi/world/europe/country_profiles/5050584.stm country profile]
* [http://mises.org/daily/4320 Involuntary Unemployment: The Case of Serbia and Croatia] by Predrag Rajsic, May 2010
[[Category:Countries]]

Serbia

2010-11-20T18:27:38Z

93.103.62.198:

{{Stub}}

{{Infobox
|Box title = Country summary
|Row 1 title = Capital
|Row 1 info = Belgrade (Beograd)
|Row 2 title = Borders
|Row 2 info = [[Bosnia and Herzegovina]] 302 km, [[Bulgaria]] 318 km, [[Croatia]] 241 km, [[Hungary]] 151 km, [[Kosovo]] 352 km, [[Macedonia]] 62 km, [[Montenegro]] 124 km, [[Romania]] 476 km
|Row 3 title = Government type
|Row 3 info = republic
|Row 4 title = Population
|Row 4 info = 7,379,339<ref name="CIA_RS">CIA - The World Facebook. [https://www.cia.gov/library/publications/the-world-factbook/geos/countrytemplate_ri.html "Serbia"], from The World Facebook. Referenced 2010-09-29.</ref>
|Row 5 title = Population growth
|Row 5 info = -0.468% (2010 est.)<ref name="CIA_RS" />
|Row 6 title = Life expectancy
|Row 6 info = 73.9 years<ref name="CIA_RS" />
|Row 7 title = Unemployment
|Row 7 info = 16.6% (October 2009 est.)<ref name="CIA_RS" />
|Row 8 title = [[Wikipedia:Index of Economic Freedom|Index of Economic Freedom]]
|Row 8 info = 104<ref name="Heritage_RS">Heritage Foundation. [http://www.heritage.org/Index/Country/Serbia "Serbia"], Economic Freedom Score. A lower ranking is better; but please be careful when comparing between different countries or years. Referenced 2010-09-29.</ref>
|Row 9 title = [[Wikipedia:Corruption Perceptions Index|Corruption Perceptions Index]]
|Row 9 info = 83<ref name="Transparency_RS">Transparency International. [http://www.transparency.org/policy_research/surveys_indices/cpi/2009/cpi_2009_table "Serbia"], Corruption Perceptions Index 2009. A lower ranking is better; but please note that the numbers cannot be compared between countries or years due to different methodology. Referenced 2010-09-29.</ref>
|Row 10 title = [[Wikipedia:Doing Business Report|Doing Business ranking]]
|Row 10 info = 88<ref name="Business_RS">Doing Business. [http://www.doingbusiness.org/economyrankings/ "Serbia"], Doing Business 2010 (part of The World Bank Group). A lower ranking is better; but please be careful when comparing between different countries or years. Referenced 2010-09-29.</ref>
}}

Modern Serbia was founded in 1815 as an autonomous principality within the Ottoman Empire following the Second Serbian Uprising part of the Serbian Revolution. In 1878 it was recognized internationally as an independent state at the Congress of Berlin. Its territory was enlarged following the successful Balkan Wars in 1912 and 1913. In 1914 Austria-Hungary declared war against it and in 1915 it was occupied after a joint Austro-Hungarian, German and Bulgarian military effort.

After the conclusion of the First World War the Kingdom of Serbs, Croats, and Slovenes was formed encompassing Serbia, Montenegro and South Slav areas of the defunct Austria-Hungary to be renamed the Kingdom of Yugoslavia in 1929. Yugoslavia was invaded and occupied by the Axis in 1941, a complex conflict ensued with a brutal Yugoslav civil war occurring simultaneously with a determined resistance against to the occupiers. To emerge as the victor from this conflict were the Communist Partisans headed by Josip Broz "Tito". Owing to a 1948 Tito-Stalin split the new Communist Yugoslavia was not a Warsaw Pact nation but steered its own path in international politics playing a visible role in the Non-Aligned Movement.

The position of conventional Communist Party officials in the country was first usurped by a populist reformist, Slobodan Milošević, becoming the president of the Socialist Republic of Serbia in 1989. Soon after the first multi-party elections in the post-war Yugoslavia held in 1990 the country broke up as Slovenia and Croatia declared independence in 1991 to be followed by Bosnia and Herzegovina and Macedonia the next year. The rump Federal Republic Yugoslavia, now consisting of Serbia and Montenegro only, was not recognized as the legal successor to the Socialist Federal Republic of Yugoslavia, but was forced to reapply for UN membership anew. During the wars of the 1990s in Croatia and Bosnia and Herzegovina - pitting local Serbs against the authorities of the independent states, Slobodan Milošević was singled out as the main culprit and aggressor and FR Yugoslavia was subject to international isolation, with economic sanctions, travel restrictions and banns from international sports imposed.

The sanctions were slowly lifted after the war in Bosnia and Herzegovina had concluded with the signing of the Dayton Agreement, which Milošević signed on the behalf of the Bosnian Serbs after their leadership had been forced underground by indictments for war crimes by the ICTY. In 1998 in the province of Kosovo an armed insurgency begun with the goal of securing an international intervention on their behalf. The intervention materialized in 1999 in the form of NATO's 78 day bombing campaign against Yugoslavia. The bombing and the Kosovo War ceased with the Kumanovo Agreement where the Serbs accepted a NATO occupying force in Kosovo after the UN security council passed resolution 1244 reaffirming Yugoslav sovereignty over the province.

Slobodan Milošević was ousted in October 2000, in 2003 FR Yugoslavia instituted constitutional reforms changing its name to State Union of Serbia and Montenegro and in 2006 Montenegro exited the union after a referendum. Kosovo Albanians declared independence in February 2008 and have so far been recognized by some sixty states. Foreign troops remain in Kosovo which remains a protectorate of western powers.

==Economical characteristics==
* '''Currency''': Serbian dinar (ISO code: RSD)
* Central bank '''[[Wikipedia:Discount rate|discount rate]]''': 9.5% (31 December 2009)<ref name="CIA_RS" />
* Commercial banks '''lending rate''': 11.78% (31 December 2009)<ref name="CIA_RS" />
* '''Stock of money''' ([[Money supply#M1|M1]]): $3.69 billion (31 December 2009)<ref name="CIA_RS" />
* '''Quasi money''' (with M1 makes [[Money supply#M2|M2]]): $14.11 billion (31 December 2009)<ref name="CIA_RS" />

===Statistics===
{| border="1" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="5" style="text-align:center"
| Statistic / Year
! 1999
! 2000
! 2001
! 2002
! 2003
! 2004
! 2005
! 2006
! 2007
! 2008
|-
! [[GDP]] (USD)<ref name="WorldBank_GDP_RS">World Bank. [http://open.worldbank.org/countries/rs/indicators%5BNY.GDP.MKTP.CD%5D?date=1999:2009 "Serbia: GDP"], from World Bank [http://data.worldbank.org/ Data]. Referenced 2010-09-29.</ref>
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|-
! Govt. debt (% of GDP)<ref name="WorldBank_Debt_RS">World Bank. [http://open.worldbank.org/countries/rs/indicators%5BGC.DOD.TOTL.GD.ZS%5D?date=1999:2009 "Serbia: government debt"], from World Bank [http://data.worldbank.org/ Data]. Referenced 2010-09-29.</ref>
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|-
! Govt. revenue (% of GDP)<ref name="WorldBank_Revenue_RS">World Bank. [http://open.worldbank.org/countries/rs/indicators%5BGC.REV.XGRT.GD.ZS%5D?date=1999:2009 "Serbia: government revenue"], from World Bank [http://data.worldbank.org/ Data]. Referenced 2010-09-29.</ref>
|
|
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|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|-
! Govt. expenses (% of GDP)<ref name="WorldBank_Expenses_RS">World Bank. [http://open.worldbank.org/countries/rs/indicators%5BGC.XPN.TOTL.GD.ZS%5D?date=1999:2009 "Serbia: government expenses"], from World Bank [http://data.worldbank.org/ Data]. Referenced 2010-09-29.</ref>
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|-
! Debt to revenue (years)
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|}

==References==
Note: statistical data was rounded. Different sources may use different methodologies for their estimates. Debt to revenue is calculated by dividing the two variables from their original ('unrounded') values. It represents how long it would a government take to repay its entire debt if it used its whole revenue for this purpose.
{{Reflist}}

==External links==
* [[Wikipedia:Serbia|Serbia]] on Wikipedia
* [http://www.nbs.rs/export/internet/english/index.html Central bank] of Serbia
* [http://www.enterprisesurveys.org/documents/EnterpriseSurveys/Reports/Serbia-2009.pdf Country profile] (pdf) from the Enterprise Studies page (part of the The World Bank Group)
* BBC [http://news.bbc.co.uk/1/hi/world/europe/country_profiles/5050584.stm country profile]
* [http://mises.org/daily/4320 Involuntary Unemployment: The Case of Serbia and Croatia] by Predrag Rajsic, May 2010
[[Category:Countries]]

Serbia

2010-11-20T18:25:07Z

93.103.62.198:

{{Stub}}

{{Infobox
|Box title = Country summary
|Row 1 title = Capital
|Row 1 info = Belgrade (Beograd)
|Row 2 title = Borders
|Row 2 info = [[Bosnia and Herzegovina]] 302 km, [[Bulgaria]] 318 km, [[Croatia]] 241 km, [[Hungary]] 151 km, [[Kosovo]] 352 km, [[Macedonia]] 62 km, [[Montenegro]] 124 km, [[Romania]] 476 km
|Row 3 title = Government type
|Row 3 info = republic
|Row 4 title = Population
|Row 4 info = 7,379,339<ref name="CIA_RS">CIA - The World Facebook. [https://www.cia.gov/library/publications/the-world-factbook/geos/countrytemplate_ri.html "Serbia"], from The World Facebook. Referenced 2010-09-29.</ref>
|Row 5 title = Population growth
|Row 5 info = -0.468% (2010 est.)<ref name="CIA_RS" />
|Row 6 title = Life expectancy
|Row 6 info = 73.9 years<ref name="CIA_RS" />
|Row 7 title = Unemployment
|Row 7 info = 16.6% (October 2009 est.)<ref name="CIA_RS" />
|Row 8 title = [[Wikipedia:Index of Economic Freedom|Index of Economic Freedom]]
|Row 8 info = 104<ref name="Heritage_RS">Heritage Foundation. [http://www.heritage.org/Index/Country/Serbia "Serbia"], Economic Freedom Score. A lower ranking is better; but please be careful when comparing between different countries or years. Referenced 2010-09-29.</ref>
|Row 9 title = [[Wikipedia:Corruption Perceptions Index|Corruption Perceptions Index]]
|Row 9 info = 83<ref name="Transparency_RS">Transparency International. [http://www.transparency.org/policy_research/surveys_indices/cpi/2009/cpi_2009_table "Serbia"], Corruption Perceptions Index 2009. A lower ranking is better; but please note that the numbers cannot be compared between countries or years due to different methodology. Referenced 2010-09-29.</ref>
|Row 10 title = [[Wikipedia:Doing Business Report|Doing Business ranking]]
|Row 10 info = 88<ref name="Business_RS">Doing Business. [http://www.doingbusiness.org/economyrankings/ "Serbia"], Doing Business 2010 (part of The World Bank Group). A lower ranking is better; but please be careful when comparing between different countries or years. Referenced 2010-09-29.</ref>
}}

Modern Serbia was founded in 1815 as an autonomous principality within the Ottoman Empire following the Second Serbian Uprising part of the Serbian Revolution. In 1878 it was recognized internationally as an independent state at the Congress of Berlin. Its territory was enlarged following the successful Balkan Wars in 1912 and 1913. In 1914 Austria-Hungary declared war against it and in 1915 it was occupied after a joint Austro-Hungarian, German and Bulgarian military effort.

After the conclusion of the First World War the Kingdom of Serbs, Croats, and Slovenes was formed encompassing Serbia, Montenegro and South Slav areas of the defunct Austria-Hungary to be renamed the Kingdom of Yugoslavia in 1929. Yugoslavia was invaded and occupied by the Axis in 1941, a complex conflict ensued with a brutal Yugoslav civil war occurring simultaneously with a determined resistance against to the occupiers. To emerge as the victor from this conflict were the Communist Partisans headed by Josip Broz "Tito". Owing to a 1948 Tito-Stalin split the new Communist Yugoslavia was not a Warsaw Pact nation but steered its own path in international politics playing a visible role in the Non-Aligned Movement.

The position of conventional Communist Party officials in the country was first usurped by a populist reformist, Slobodan Milošević, becoming the president of the Socialist Republic of Serbia in 1989. Soon after the first multi-party elections in the post-war Yugoslavia held in 1990 the country broke up as Slovenia and Croatia declared independence in 1991 to be followed by Bosnia and Herzegovina and Macedonia the next year. The rump Federal Republic Yugoslavia, now consisting of Serbia and Montenegro only, was not recognized as the legal successor to the Socialist Federal Republic of Yugoslavia, but was forced to reapply for UN membership anew. During the wars of the 1990s in Croatia and Bosnia and Herzegovina - pitting local Serbs against the authorities of the independent states, Slobodan Milošević was singled out as the main culprit and aggressor and FR Yugoslavia was subject to international isolation, with economic sanctions, travel restrictions and banns from international sports imposed.

The sanctions were slowly lifted after the conclusion of the war in Bosnia and Herzegovina with the Dayton Agreement which Milošević signed on the behalf of the Bosnian Serbs after their leadership had been forced underground by indictments for war crimes by the ICTY. In 1998 in the province of Kosovo an armed insurgency begun with the goal of securing an international intervention on their behalf. The interventionmaterialized in 1999 in the form of NATO's 78 day bombing campaign against Yugoslavia. The bombing and the Kosovo War ceased with the Kumanovo Agreement where the Serbs accepted a NATO occupying force in Kosovo after the UN security council passed resolution 1244 reaffirming Yugoslav sovereignty over the province.

Slobodan Milošević was ousted in October 2000, in 2003 FR Yugoslavia instituted constitutional reforms changing its name to State Union of Serbia and Montenegro and in 2006 Montenegro exited the union after a referendum. Kosovo Albanians declared independence in February 2008 and have so far been recognized by some sixty states. Foreign troops remain in Kosovo which remains a protectorate of western powers.

==Economical characteristics==
* '''Currency''': Serbian dinar (ISO code: RSD)
* Central bank '''[[Wikipedia:Discount rate|discount rate]]''': 9.5% (31 December 2009)<ref name="CIA_RS" />
* Commercial banks '''lending rate''': 11.78% (31 December 2009)<ref name="CIA_RS" />
* '''Stock of money''' ([[Money supply#M1|M1]]): $3.69 billion (31 December 2009)<ref name="CIA_RS" />
* '''Quasi money''' (with M1 makes [[Money supply#M2|M2]]): $14.11 billion (31 December 2009)<ref name="CIA_RS" />

===Statistics===
{| border="1" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="5" style="text-align:center"
| Statistic / Year
! 1999
! 2000
! 2001
! 2002
! 2003
! 2004
! 2005
! 2006
! 2007
! 2008
|-
! [[GDP]] (USD)<ref name="WorldBank_GDP_RS">World Bank. [http://open.worldbank.org/countries/rs/indicators%5BNY.GDP.MKTP.CD%5D?date=1999:2009 "Serbia: GDP"], from World Bank [http://data.worldbank.org/ Data]. Referenced 2010-09-29.</ref>
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|-
! Govt. debt (% of GDP)<ref name="WorldBank_Debt_RS">World Bank. [http://open.worldbank.org/countries/rs/indicators%5BGC.DOD.TOTL.GD.ZS%5D?date=1999:2009 "Serbia: government debt"], from World Bank [http://data.worldbank.org/ Data]. Referenced 2010-09-29.</ref>
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|-
! Govt. revenue (% of GDP)<ref name="WorldBank_Revenue_RS">World Bank. [http://open.worldbank.org/countries/rs/indicators%5BGC.REV.XGRT.GD.ZS%5D?date=1999:2009 "Serbia: government revenue"], from World Bank [http://data.worldbank.org/ Data]. Referenced 2010-09-29.</ref>
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|-
! Govt. expenses (% of GDP)<ref name="WorldBank_Expenses_RS">World Bank. [http://open.worldbank.org/countries/rs/indicators%5BGC.XPN.TOTL.GD.ZS%5D?date=1999:2009 "Serbia: government expenses"], from World Bank [http://data.worldbank.org/ Data]. Referenced 2010-09-29.</ref>
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|-
! Debt to revenue (years)
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|}

==References==
Note: statistical data was rounded. Different sources may use different methodologies for their estimates. Debt to revenue is calculated by dividing the two variables from their original ('unrounded') values. It represents how long it would a government take to repay its entire debt if it used its whole revenue for this purpose.
{{Reflist}}

==External links==
* [[Wikipedia:Serbia|Serbia]] on Wikipedia
* [http://www.nbs.rs/export/internet/english/index.html Central bank] of Serbia
* [http://www.enterprisesurveys.org/documents/EnterpriseSurveys/Reports/Serbia-2009.pdf Country profile] (pdf) from the Enterprise Studies page (part of the The World Bank Group)
* BBC [http://news.bbc.co.uk/1/hi/world/europe/country_profiles/5050584.stm country profile]
* [http://mises.org/daily/4320 Involuntary Unemployment: The Case of Serbia and Croatia] by Predrag Rajsic, May 2010
[[Category:Countries]]

Serbia

2010-11-20T18:24:04Z

93.103.62.198:

{{Stub}}

{{Infobox
|Box title = Country summary
|Row 1 title = Capital
|Row 1 info = Belgrade (Beograd)
|Row 2 title = Borders
|Row 2 info = [[Bosnia and Herzegovina]] 302 km, [[Bulgaria]] 318 km, [[Croatia]] 241 km, [[Hungary]] 151 km, [[Kosovo]] 352 km, [[Macedonia]] 62 km, [[Montenegro]] 124 km, [[Romania]] 476 km
|Row 3 title = Government type
|Row 3 info = republic
|Row 4 title = Population
|Row 4 info = 7,379,339<ref name="CIA_RS">CIA - The World Facebook. [https://www.cia.gov/library/publications/the-world-factbook/geos/countrytemplate_ri.html "Serbia"], from The World Facebook. Referenced 2010-09-29.</ref>
|Row 5 title = Population growth
|Row 5 info = -0.468% (2010 est.)<ref name="CIA_RS" />
|Row 6 title = Life expectancy
|Row 6 info = 73.9 years<ref name="CIA_RS" />
|Row 7 title = Unemployment
|Row 7 info = 16.6% (October 2009 est.)<ref name="CIA_RS" />
|Row 8 title = [[Wikipedia:Index of Economic Freedom|Index of Economic Freedom]]
|Row 8 info = 104<ref name="Heritage_RS">Heritage Foundation. [http://www.heritage.org/Index/Country/Serbia "Serbia"], Economic Freedom Score. A lower ranking is better; but please be careful when comparing between different countries or years. Referenced 2010-09-29.</ref>
|Row 9 title = [[Wikipedia:Corruption Perceptions Index|Corruption Perceptions Index]]
|Row 9 info = 83<ref name="Transparency_RS">Transparency International. [http://www.transparency.org/policy_research/surveys_indices/cpi/2009/cpi_2009_table "Serbia"], Corruption Perceptions Index 2009. A lower ranking is better; but please note that the numbers cannot be compared between countries or years due to different methodology. Referenced 2010-09-29.</ref>
|Row 10 title = [[Wikipedia:Doing Business Report|Doing Business ranking]]
|Row 10 info = 88<ref name="Business_RS">Doing Business. [http://www.doingbusiness.org/economyrankings/ "Serbia"], Doing Business 2010 (part of The World Bank Group). A lower ranking is better; but please be careful when comparing between different countries or years. Referenced 2010-09-29.</ref>
}}

Modern Serbia was founded in 1815 as an autonomous principality within the Ottoman Empire following the Second Serbian Uprising part of the Serbian Revolution. In 1878 it was recognized internationally as an independent state at the Congress of Berlin. Its territory was enlarged following the successful Balkan Wars in 1912 and 1913. In 1914 Austria-Hungary declared war against it and in 1915 it was occupied after a joint Austro-Hungarian, German and Bulgarian military effort.

After the conclusion of the First World War the Kingdom of Serbs, Croats, and Slovenes was formed encompassing Serbia, Montenegro and South Slav areas of the defunct Austria-Hungary to be renamed the Kingdom of Yugoslavia in 1929. Yugoslavia was invaded and occupied by the Axis in 1941, a complex conflict ensued with a brutal Yugoslav civil war occurring simultaneously with a determined resistance against to the occupiers. To emerge as the victor from this conflict were the Communist Partisans headed by Josip Broz "Tito". Owing to a 1948 Tito-Stalin split the new Communist Yugoslavia was not a Warsaw Pact nation but steered its own path in international politics playing a visible role in the Non-Aligned Movement.

The position of conventional Communist Party officials in the country was first usurped by a populist reformist, Slobodan Milošević, becoming the president of the Socialist Republic of Serbia in 1989. Soon after the first multi-party elections in the post-war Yugoslavia held in 1990 the country broke up as Slovenia and Croatia declared independence in 1991 to be followed by Bosnia and Herzegovina and Macedonia the next year. The rump Federal Republic Yugoslavia now consisting of Serbia and Montenegro only was not recognized as the legal successor to the Socialist Federal Republic of Yugoslavia, but was forced to reapply for UN membership anew. During the wars of the 1990s in Croatia and Bosnia and Herzegovina - pitting local Serbs against the authorities of the independent states, Slobodan Milošević was singled out as the main culprit and aggressor and FR Yugoslavia was subject to international isolation, with economic sanctions, travel restrictions and banns from international sports imposed.

The sanctions were slowly lifted after the conclusion of the war in Bosnia and Herzegovina with the Dayton Agreement which Milošević signed on the behalf of the Bosnian Serbs after their leadership had been forced underground by indictments for war crimes by the ICTY. In 1998 in the province of Kosovo an armed insurgency begun with the goal of securing an international intervention on their behalf. The interventionmaterialized in 1999 in the form of NATO's 78 day bombing campaign against Yugoslavia. The bombing and the Kosovo War ceased with the Kumanovo Agreement where the Serbs accepted a NATO occupying force in Kosovo after the UN security council passed resolution 1244 reaffirming Yugoslav sovereignty over the province.

Slobodan Milošević was ousted in October 2000, in 2003 FR Yugoslavia instituted constitutional reforms changing its name to State Union of Serbia and Montenegro and in 2006 Montenegro exited the union after a referendum. Kosovo Albanians declared independence in February 2008 and have so far been recognized by some sixty states. Foreign troops remain in Kosovo which remains a protectorate of western powers.

==Economical characteristics==
* '''Currency''': Serbian dinar (ISO code: RSD)
* Central bank '''[[Wikipedia:Discount rate|discount rate]]''': 9.5% (31 December 2009)<ref name="CIA_RS" />
* Commercial banks '''lending rate''': 11.78% (31 December 2009)<ref name="CIA_RS" />
* '''Stock of money''' ([[Money supply#M1|M1]]): $3.69 billion (31 December 2009)<ref name="CIA_RS" />
* '''Quasi money''' (with M1 makes [[Money supply#M2|M2]]): $14.11 billion (31 December 2009)<ref name="CIA_RS" />

===Statistics===
{| border="1" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="5" style="text-align:center"
| Statistic / Year
! 1999
! 2000
! 2001
! 2002
! 2003
! 2004
! 2005
! 2006
! 2007
! 2008
|-
! [[GDP]] (USD)<ref name="WorldBank_GDP_RS">World Bank. [http://open.worldbank.org/countries/rs/indicators%5BNY.GDP.MKTP.CD%5D?date=1999:2009 "Serbia: GDP"], from World Bank [http://data.worldbank.org/ Data]. Referenced 2010-09-29.</ref>
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|-
! Govt. debt (% of GDP)<ref name="WorldBank_Debt_RS">World Bank. [http://open.worldbank.org/countries/rs/indicators%5BGC.DOD.TOTL.GD.ZS%5D?date=1999:2009 "Serbia: government debt"], from World Bank [http://data.worldbank.org/ Data]. Referenced 2010-09-29.</ref>
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|-
! Govt. revenue (% of GDP)<ref name="WorldBank_Revenue_RS">World Bank. [http://open.worldbank.org/countries/rs/indicators%5BGC.REV.XGRT.GD.ZS%5D?date=1999:2009 "Serbia: government revenue"], from World Bank [http://data.worldbank.org/ Data]. Referenced 2010-09-29.</ref>
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|-
! Govt. expenses (% of GDP)<ref name="WorldBank_Expenses_RS">World Bank. [http://open.worldbank.org/countries/rs/indicators%5BGC.XPN.TOTL.GD.ZS%5D?date=1999:2009 "Serbia: government expenses"], from World Bank [http://data.worldbank.org/ Data]. Referenced 2010-09-29.</ref>
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|-
! Debt to revenue (years)
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|}

==References==
Note: statistical data was rounded. Different sources may use different methodologies for their estimates. Debt to revenue is calculated by dividing the two variables from their original ('unrounded') values. It represents how long it would a government take to repay its entire debt if it used its whole revenue for this purpose.
{{Reflist}}

==External links==
* [[Wikipedia:Serbia|Serbia]] on Wikipedia
* [http://www.nbs.rs/export/internet/english/index.html Central bank] of Serbia
* [http://www.enterprisesurveys.org/documents/EnterpriseSurveys/Reports/Serbia-2009.pdf Country profile] (pdf) from the Enterprise Studies page (part of the The World Bank Group)
* BBC [http://news.bbc.co.uk/1/hi/world/europe/country_profiles/5050584.stm country profile]
* [http://mises.org/daily/4320 Involuntary Unemployment: The Case of Serbia and Croatia] by Predrag Rajsic, May 2010
[[Category:Countries]]

Serbia

2010-11-20T18:23:18Z

93.103.62.198:

{{Stub}}

{{Infobox
|Box title = Country summary
|Row 1 title = Capital
|Row 1 info = Belgrade (Beograd)
|Row 2 title = Borders
|Row 2 info = [[Bosnia and Herzegovina]] 302 km, [[Bulgaria]] 318 km, [[Croatia]] 241 km, [[Hungary]] 151 km, [[Kosovo]] 352 km, [[Macedonia]] 62 km, [[Montenegro]] 124 km, [[Romania]] 476 km
|Row 3 title = Government type
|Row 3 info = republic
|Row 4 title = Population
|Row 4 info = 7,379,339<ref name="CIA_RS">CIA - The World Facebook. [https://www.cia.gov/library/publications/the-world-factbook/geos/countrytemplate_ri.html "Serbia"], from The World Facebook. Referenced 2010-09-29.</ref>
|Row 5 title = Population growth
|Row 5 info = -0.468% (2010 est.)<ref name="CIA_RS" />
|Row 6 title = Life expectancy
|Row 6 info = 73.9 years<ref name="CIA_RS" />
|Row 7 title = Unemployment
|Row 7 info = 16.6% (October 2009 est.)<ref name="CIA_RS" />
|Row 8 title = [[Wikipedia:Index of Economic Freedom|Index of Economic Freedom]]
|Row 8 info = 104<ref name="Heritage_RS">Heritage Foundation. [http://www.heritage.org/Index/Country/Serbia "Serbia"], Economic Freedom Score. A lower ranking is better; but please be careful when comparing between different countries or years. Referenced 2010-09-29.</ref>
|Row 9 title = [[Wikipedia:Corruption Perceptions Index|Corruption Perceptions Index]]
|Row 9 info = 83<ref name="Transparency_RS">Transparency International. [http://www.transparency.org/policy_research/surveys_indices/cpi/2009/cpi_2009_table "Serbia"], Corruption Perceptions Index 2009. A lower ranking is better; but please note that the numbers cannot be compared between countries or years due to different methodology. Referenced 2010-09-29.</ref>
|Row 10 title = [[Wikipedia:Doing Business Report|Doing Business ranking]]
|Row 10 info = 88<ref name="Business_RS">Doing Business. [http://www.doingbusiness.org/economyrankings/ "Serbia"], Doing Business 2010 (part of The World Bank Group). A lower ranking is better; but please be careful when comparing between different countries or years. Referenced 2010-09-29.</ref>
}}

Modern Serbia was founded in 1815 as an autonomous principality within the Ottoman Empire following the Second Serbian Uprising part of the Serbian Revolution. In 1878 it was recognized internationally as an independent state at the Congress of Berlin. Its territory was enlarged following the successful Balkan Wars in 1912 and 1913. In 1914 Austria-Hungary declared war against it and in 1915 it was occupied after a joint Austro-Hungarian, German and Bulgarian military effort.

After the conclusion of the First World War the Kingdom of Serbs, Croats, and Slovenes was formed encompassing Serbia, Montenegro and South Slav areas of the defunct Austria-Hungary to be renamed the Kingdom of Yugoslavia in 1929. Yugoslavia was invaded and occupied by the Axis in 1941, a complex conflict ensued with a brutal Yugoslav civil war occurring simultaneously with a determined resistance against to the occupiers. To emerge as the victor from this conflict were the Communist Partisans headed by Josip Broz "Tito". Owing to a 1948 Tito-Stalin split the new Communist Yugoslavia was not a Warsaw Pact nation but steered its own path in international politics playing a visible role in the Non-Aligned Movement.

The position of conventional Communist Party officials in the country was first usurped by a populist reformist, Slobodan Milošević, becoming the president of the Socialist Republic of Serbia in 1989. Soon after the first multi-party elections in the post-war Yugoslavia held in 1990 the country broke up as Slovenia and Croatia declared independence in 1991 to be followed by Bosnia and Herzegovina and Macedonia the next year. The rump Federal Republic Yugoslavia now consisting of Serbia and Montenegro only was not recognized as the legal successor to the Socialist Federal Republic of Yugoslavia, but was forced to reapply for UN membership anew. During the wars of the 1990s in Croatia and Bosnia and Herzegovina - pitting local Serbs against the authorities of the independent states, Slobodan Milošević was singled out as the main culprit and aggressor and FR Yugoslavia was subject to international isolation, with economic sanctions, travel restrictions and banns from international sports imposed.

The sanctions were slowly lifted after the conclusion of the war in Bosnia and Herzegovina with the Dayton Agreement which Milošević signed on the behalf of the Bosnian Serbs after their leadership had been forced underground by indictments for war crimes by the ICTY. In 1998 in the province of Kosovo an armed insurgency begun with the goal of securing an international intervention on their behalf and against Serbia. The intervention came about in 1999 in the form of NATO's 78 day bombing campaign against Yugoslavia. The bombing and the Kosovo war ceased with the Kumanovo Agreement where the Serbs accepted a NATO occupying force in Kosovo after the UN security council passed resolution 1244 reaffirming Yugoslav sovereignty over the province.

Slobodan Milošević was ousted in October 2000, in 2003 FR Yugoslavia instituted constitutional reforms changing its name to State Union of Serbia and Montenegro and in 2006 Montenegro exited the union after a referendum. Kosovo Albanians declared independence in February 2008 and have so far been recognized by some sixty states. Foreign troops remain in Kosovo which remains a protectorate of western powers.

==Economical characteristics==
* '''Currency''': Serbian dinar (ISO code: RSD)
* Central bank '''[[Wikipedia:Discount rate|discount rate]]''': 9.5% (31 December 2009)<ref name="CIA_RS" />
* Commercial banks '''lending rate''': 11.78% (31 December 2009)<ref name="CIA_RS" />
* '''Stock of money''' ([[Money supply#M1|M1]]): $3.69 billion (31 December 2009)<ref name="CIA_RS" />
* '''Quasi money''' (with M1 makes [[Money supply#M2|M2]]): $14.11 billion (31 December 2009)<ref name="CIA_RS" />

===Statistics===
{| border="1" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="5" style="text-align:center"
| Statistic / Year
! 1999
! 2000
! 2001
! 2002
! 2003
! 2004
! 2005
! 2006
! 2007
! 2008
|-
! [[GDP]] (USD)<ref name="WorldBank_GDP_RS">World Bank. [http://open.worldbank.org/countries/rs/indicators%5BNY.GDP.MKTP.CD%5D?date=1999:2009 "Serbia: GDP"], from World Bank [http://data.worldbank.org/ Data]. Referenced 2010-09-29.</ref>
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|-
! Govt. debt (% of GDP)<ref name="WorldBank_Debt_RS">World Bank. [http://open.worldbank.org/countries/rs/indicators%5BGC.DOD.TOTL.GD.ZS%5D?date=1999:2009 "Serbia: government debt"], from World Bank [http://data.worldbank.org/ Data]. Referenced 2010-09-29.</ref>
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|-
! Govt. revenue (% of GDP)<ref name="WorldBank_Revenue_RS">World Bank. [http://open.worldbank.org/countries/rs/indicators%5BGC.REV.XGRT.GD.ZS%5D?date=1999:2009 "Serbia: government revenue"], from World Bank [http://data.worldbank.org/ Data]. Referenced 2010-09-29.</ref>
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|-
! Govt. expenses (% of GDP)<ref name="WorldBank_Expenses_RS">World Bank. [http://open.worldbank.org/countries/rs/indicators%5BGC.XPN.TOTL.GD.ZS%5D?date=1999:2009 "Serbia: government expenses"], from World Bank [http://data.worldbank.org/ Data]. Referenced 2010-09-29.</ref>
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|-
! Debt to revenue (years)
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|}

==References==
Note: statistical data was rounded. Different sources may use different methodologies for their estimates. Debt to revenue is calculated by dividing the two variables from their original ('unrounded') values. It represents how long it would a government take to repay its entire debt if it used its whole revenue for this purpose.
{{Reflist}}

==External links==
* [[Wikipedia:Serbia|Serbia]] on Wikipedia
* [http://www.nbs.rs/export/internet/english/index.html Central bank] of Serbia
* [http://www.enterprisesurveys.org/documents/EnterpriseSurveys/Reports/Serbia-2009.pdf Country profile] (pdf) from the Enterprise Studies page (part of the The World Bank Group)
* BBC [http://news.bbc.co.uk/1/hi/world/europe/country_profiles/5050584.stm country profile]
* [http://mises.org/daily/4320 Involuntary Unemployment: The Case of Serbia and Croatia] by Predrag Rajsic, May 2010
[[Category:Countries]]

Serbia

2010-11-20T18:21:39Z

93.103.62.198:

{{Stub}}

{{Infobox
|Box title = Country summary
|Row 1 title = Capital
|Row 1 info = Belgrade (Beograd)
|Row 2 title = Borders
|Row 2 info = [[Bosnia and Herzegovina]] 302 km, [[Bulgaria]] 318 km, [[Croatia]] 241 km, [[Hungary]] 151 km, [[Kosovo]] 352 km, [[Macedonia]] 62 km, [[Montenegro]] 124 km, [[Romania]] 476 km
|Row 3 title = Government type
|Row 3 info = republic
|Row 4 title = Population
|Row 4 info = 7,379,339<ref name="CIA_RS">CIA - The World Facebook. [https://www.cia.gov/library/publications/the-world-factbook/geos/countrytemplate_ri.html "Serbia"], from The World Facebook. Referenced 2010-09-29.</ref>
|Row 5 title = Population growth
|Row 5 info = -0.468% (2010 est.)<ref name="CIA_RS" />
|Row 6 title = Life expectancy
|Row 6 info = 73.9 years<ref name="CIA_RS" />
|Row 7 title = Unemployment
|Row 7 info = 16.6% (October 2009 est.)<ref name="CIA_RS" />
|Row 8 title = [[Wikipedia:Index of Economic Freedom|Index of Economic Freedom]]
|Row 8 info = 104<ref name="Heritage_RS">Heritage Foundation. [http://www.heritage.org/Index/Country/Serbia "Serbia"], Economic Freedom Score. A lower ranking is better; but please be careful when comparing between different countries or years. Referenced 2010-09-29.</ref>
|Row 9 title = [[Wikipedia:Corruption Perceptions Index|Corruption Perceptions Index]]
|Row 9 info = 83<ref name="Transparency_RS">Transparency International. [http://www.transparency.org/policy_research/surveys_indices/cpi/2009/cpi_2009_table "Serbia"], Corruption Perceptions Index 2009. A lower ranking is better; but please note that the numbers cannot be compared between countries or years due to different methodology. Referenced 2010-09-29.</ref>
|Row 10 title = [[Wikipedia:Doing Business Report|Doing Business ranking]]
|Row 10 info = 88<ref name="Business_RS">Doing Business. [http://www.doingbusiness.org/economyrankings/ "Serbia"], Doing Business 2010 (part of The World Bank Group). A lower ranking is better; but please be careful when comparing between different countries or years. Referenced 2010-09-29.</ref>
}}

Modern Serbia was founded in 1815 as an autonomous principality within the Ottoman Empire following the Second Serbian Uprising part of the Serbian Revolution. In 1878 it was recognized internationally as an independent state at the Congress of Berlin. Its territory was enlarged following the successful Balkan Wars in 1912 and 1913. In 1914 Austria-Hungary declared war against it and in 1915 it was occupied after a joint Austro-Hungarian, German and Bulgarian military effort.

After the conclusion of the First World War the Kingdom of Serbs, Croats, and Slovenes was formed encompassing Serbia, Montenegro and South Slav areas of the defunct Austria-Hungary to be renamed the Kingdom of Yugoslavia in 1929. Yugoslavia was invaded and occupied by the Axis in 1941, a complex conflict ensued with a brutal Yugoslav civil war occurring simultaneously with a determined resistance against to the occupiers. To emerge as the victor from this conflict were the Communist Partisans headed by Josip Broz "Tito". Owing to a 1948 Tito-Stalin split the new Communist Yugoslavia was not a Warsaw Pact nation but steered its own path in international politics playing a visible role in the Non-Aligned Movement.

The position of conventional Communist Party officials in the country was first usurped by a young reformist and populist politician, Slobodan Milošević, becoming the president of the Socialist Republic of Serbia in 1989. Soon after the first multi-party elections in the post-war Yugoslavia held in 1990 the country broke up as Slovenia and Croatia declared independence in 1991 to be followed by Bosnia and Herzegovina and Macedonia the next year. The rump Federal Republic Yugoslavia now consisting of Serbia and Montenegro only was not recognized as the legal successor to the Socialist Federal Republic of Yugoslavia, but was forced to reapply for UN membership anew. During the wars of the 1990s in Croatia and Bosnia and Herzegovina - pitting local Serbs against the authorities of the independent states, Slobodan Milošević was singled out as the main culprit and aggressor and FR Yugoslavia was subject to international isolation, with economic sanctions, travel restrictions and banns from international sports imposed.

The sanctions were slowly lifted after the conclusion of the war in Bosnia and Herzegovina with the Dayton Agreement which Milošević signed on the behalf of the Bosnian Serbs after their leadership had been forced underground by indictments for war crimes by the ICTY. In 1998 in the province of Kosovo an armed insurgency begun with the goal of securing an international intervention on their behalf and against Serbia. The intervention came about in 1999 in the form of NATO's 78 day bombing campaign against Yugoslavia. The bombing and the Kosovo war ceased with the Kumanovo Agreement where the Serbs accepted a NATO occupying force in Kosovo after the UN security council passed resolution 1244 reaffirming Yugoslav sovereignty over the province.

Slobodan Milošević was ousted in October 2000, in 2003 FR Yugoslavia instituted constitutional reforms changing its name to State Union of Serbia and Montenegro and in 2006 Montenegro exited the union after a referendum. Kosovo Albanians declared independence in February 2008 and have so far been recognized by some sixty states. Foreign troops remain in Kosovo which remains a protectorate of western powers.

==Economical characteristics==
* '''Currency''': Serbian dinar (ISO code: RSD)
* Central bank '''[[Wikipedia:Discount rate|discount rate]]''': 9.5% (31 December 2009)<ref name="CIA_RS" />
* Commercial banks '''lending rate''': 11.78% (31 December 2009)<ref name="CIA_RS" />
* '''Stock of money''' ([[Money supply#M1|M1]]): $3.69 billion (31 December 2009)<ref name="CIA_RS" />
* '''Quasi money''' (with M1 makes [[Money supply#M2|M2]]): $14.11 billion (31 December 2009)<ref name="CIA_RS" />

===Statistics===
{| border="1" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="5" style="text-align:center"
| Statistic / Year
! 1999
! 2000
! 2001
! 2002
! 2003
! 2004
! 2005
! 2006
! 2007
! 2008
|-
! [[GDP]] (USD)<ref name="WorldBank_GDP_RS">World Bank. [http://open.worldbank.org/countries/rs/indicators%5BNY.GDP.MKTP.CD%5D?date=1999:2009 "Serbia: GDP"], from World Bank [http://data.worldbank.org/ Data]. Referenced 2010-09-29.</ref>
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|-
! Govt. debt (% of GDP)<ref name="WorldBank_Debt_RS">World Bank. [http://open.worldbank.org/countries/rs/indicators%5BGC.DOD.TOTL.GD.ZS%5D?date=1999:2009 "Serbia: government debt"], from World Bank [http://data.worldbank.org/ Data]. Referenced 2010-09-29.</ref>
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|-
! Govt. revenue (% of GDP)<ref name="WorldBank_Revenue_RS">World Bank. [http://open.worldbank.org/countries/rs/indicators%5BGC.REV.XGRT.GD.ZS%5D?date=1999:2009 "Serbia: government revenue"], from World Bank [http://data.worldbank.org/ Data]. Referenced 2010-09-29.</ref>
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|-
! Govt. expenses (% of GDP)<ref name="WorldBank_Expenses_RS">World Bank. [http://open.worldbank.org/countries/rs/indicators%5BGC.XPN.TOTL.GD.ZS%5D?date=1999:2009 "Serbia: government expenses"], from World Bank [http://data.worldbank.org/ Data]. Referenced 2010-09-29.</ref>
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|-
! Debt to revenue (years)
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|}

==References==
Note: statistical data was rounded. Different sources may use different methodologies for their estimates. Debt to revenue is calculated by dividing the two variables from their original ('unrounded') values. It represents how long it would a government take to repay its entire debt if it used its whole revenue for this purpose.
{{Reflist}}

==External links==
* [[Wikipedia:Serbia|Serbia]] on Wikipedia
* [http://www.nbs.rs/export/internet/english/index.html Central bank] of Serbia
* [http://www.enterprisesurveys.org/documents/EnterpriseSurveys/Reports/Serbia-2009.pdf Country profile] (pdf) from the Enterprise Studies page (part of the The World Bank Group)
* BBC [http://news.bbc.co.uk/1/hi/world/europe/country_profiles/5050584.stm country profile]
* [http://mises.org/daily/4320 Involuntary Unemployment: The Case of Serbia and Croatia] by Predrag Rajsic, May 2010
[[Category:Countries]]

Serbia

2010-11-20T18:19:21Z

93.103.62.198:

{{Stub}}

{{Infobox
|Box title = Country summary
|Row 1 title = Capital
|Row 1 info = Belgrade (Beograd)
|Row 2 title = Borders
|Row 2 info = [[Bosnia and Herzegovina]] 302 km, [[Bulgaria]] 318 km, [[Croatia]] 241 km, [[Hungary]] 151 km, [[Kosovo]] 352 km, [[Macedonia]] 62 km, [[Montenegro]] 124 km, [[Romania]] 476 km
|Row 3 title = Government type
|Row 3 info = republic
|Row 4 title = Population
|Row 4 info = 7,379,339<ref name="CIA_RS">CIA - The World Facebook. [https://www.cia.gov/library/publications/the-world-factbook/geos/countrytemplate_ri.html "Serbia"], from The World Facebook. Referenced 2010-09-29.</ref>
|Row 5 title = Population growth
|Row 5 info = -0.468% (2010 est.)<ref name="CIA_RS" />
|Row 6 title = Life expectancy
|Row 6 info = 73.9 years<ref name="CIA_RS" />
|Row 7 title = Unemployment
|Row 7 info = 16.6% (October 2009 est.)<ref name="CIA_RS" />
|Row 8 title = [[Wikipedia:Index of Economic Freedom|Index of Economic Freedom]]
|Row 8 info = 104<ref name="Heritage_RS">Heritage Foundation. [http://www.heritage.org/Index/Country/Serbia "Serbia"], Economic Freedom Score. A lower ranking is better; but please be careful when comparing between different countries or years. Referenced 2010-09-29.</ref>
|Row 9 title = [[Wikipedia:Corruption Perceptions Index|Corruption Perceptions Index]]
|Row 9 info = 83<ref name="Transparency_RS">Transparency International. [http://www.transparency.org/policy_research/surveys_indices/cpi/2009/cpi_2009_table "Serbia"], Corruption Perceptions Index 2009. A lower ranking is better; but please note that the numbers cannot be compared between countries or years due to different methodology. Referenced 2010-09-29.</ref>
|Row 10 title = [[Wikipedia:Doing Business Report|Doing Business ranking]]
|Row 10 info = 88<ref name="Business_RS">Doing Business. [http://www.doingbusiness.org/economyrankings/ "Serbia"], Doing Business 2010 (part of The World Bank Group). A lower ranking is better; but please be careful when comparing between different countries or years. Referenced 2010-09-29.</ref>
}}

Modern Serbia was founded in 1815 as an autonomous principality within the Ottoman Empire following the Second Serbian Uprising part of the Serbian Revolution. In 1878 it was recognized internationally as an independent state at the Congress of Berlin. Its territory was enlarged following the successful Balkan Wars in 1912 and 1913. In 1914 Austria-Hungary declared war against it and in 1915 it was occupied after a joint Austro-Hungarian, German and Bulgarian military effort.

After the conclusion of the First World War the Kingdom of Serbs, Croats, and Slovenes was formed encompassing Serbia, Montenegro and South Slav areas of the defunct Austria-Hungary to be in 1929 renamed the Kingdom of Yugoslavia. Yugoslavia was invaded and occupied by the Axis in 1941, a complex conflict ensued with a brutal Yugoslav civil war occurring simultaneously with a determined resistance against to the occupiers. To emerge as the victor from this conflict were the Communist Partisans headed by Josip Broz "Tito". Owing to a 1948 Tito-Stalin split the new Communist Yugoslavia was not a Warsaw Pact nation but steered its own path in international politics playing a visible role in the Non-Aligned Movement.

The position of conventional Communist Party officials in the country was first usurped by a young reformist and populist politician, Slobodan Milošević, becoming the president of the Socialist Republic of Serbia in 1989. Soon after the first multi-party elections in the post-war Yugoslavia held in 1990 the country broke up as Slovenia and Croatia declared independence in 1991 to be followed by Bosnia and Herzegovina and Macedonia the next year. The rump Federal Republic Yugoslavia now consisting of Serbia and Montenegro only was not recognized as the legal successor to the Socialist Federal Republic of Yugoslavia, but was forced to reapply for UN membership anew. During the wars of the 1990s in Croatia and Bosnia and Herzegovina - pitting local Serbs against the authorities of the independent states, Slobodan Milošević was singled out as the main culprit and aggressor and FR Yugoslavia was subject to international isolation, with economic sanctions, travel restrictions and banns from international sports imposed.

The sanctions were slowly lifted after the conclusion of the war in Bosnia and Herzegovina with the Dayton Agreement which Milošević signed on the behalf of the Bosnian Serbs after their leadership had been forced underground by indictments for war crimes by the ICTY. In 1998 in the province of Kosovo an armed insurgency begun with the goal of securing an international intervention on their behalf and against Serbia. The intervention came about in 1999 in the form of NATO's 78 day bombing campaign against Yugoslavia. The bombing and the Kosovo war ceased with the Kumanovo Agreement where the Serbs accepted a NATO occupying force in Kosovo after the UN security council passed resolution 1244 reaffirming Yugoslav sovereignty over the province.

Slobodan Milošević was ousted in October 2000, in 2003 FR Yugoslavia instituted constitutional reforms changing its name to State Union of Serbia and Montenegro and in 2006 Montenegro exited the union after a referendum. Kosovo Albanians declared independence in February 2008 and have so far been recognized by some sixty states. Foreign troops remain in Kosovo which remains a protectorate of western powers.

==Economical characteristics==
* '''Currency''': Serbian dinar (ISO code: RSD)
* Central bank '''[[Wikipedia:Discount rate|discount rate]]''': 9.5% (31 December 2009)<ref name="CIA_RS" />
* Commercial banks '''lending rate''': 11.78% (31 December 2009)<ref name="CIA_RS" />
* '''Stock of money''' ([[Money supply#M1|M1]]): $3.69 billion (31 December 2009)<ref name="CIA_RS" />
* '''Quasi money''' (with M1 makes [[Money supply#M2|M2]]): $14.11 billion (31 December 2009)<ref name="CIA_RS" />

===Statistics===
{| border="1" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="5" style="text-align:center"
| Statistic / Year
! 1999
! 2000
! 2001
! 2002
! 2003
! 2004
! 2005
! 2006
! 2007
! 2008
|-
! [[GDP]] (USD)<ref name="WorldBank_GDP_RS">World Bank. [http://open.worldbank.org/countries/rs/indicators%5BNY.GDP.MKTP.CD%5D?date=1999:2009 "Serbia: GDP"], from World Bank [http://data.worldbank.org/ Data]. Referenced 2010-09-29.</ref>
|
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|
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|
|
|
|-
! Govt. debt (% of GDP)<ref name="WorldBank_Debt_RS">World Bank. [http://open.worldbank.org/countries/rs/indicators%5BGC.DOD.TOTL.GD.ZS%5D?date=1999:2009 "Serbia: government debt"], from World Bank [http://data.worldbank.org/ Data]. Referenced 2010-09-29.</ref>
|
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|
|-
! Govt. revenue (% of GDP)<ref name="WorldBank_Revenue_RS">World Bank. [http://open.worldbank.org/countries/rs/indicators%5BGC.REV.XGRT.GD.ZS%5D?date=1999:2009 "Serbia: government revenue"], from World Bank [http://data.worldbank.org/ Data]. Referenced 2010-09-29.</ref>
|
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|
|-
! Govt. expenses (% of GDP)<ref name="WorldBank_Expenses_RS">World Bank. [http://open.worldbank.org/countries/rs/indicators%5BGC.XPN.TOTL.GD.ZS%5D?date=1999:2009 "Serbia: government expenses"], from World Bank [http://data.worldbank.org/ Data]. Referenced 2010-09-29.</ref>
|
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|-
! Debt to revenue (years)
|
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|
|
|
|}

==References==
Note: statistical data was rounded. Different sources may use different methodologies for their estimates. Debt to revenue is calculated by dividing the two variables from their original ('unrounded') values. It represents how long it would a government take to repay its entire debt if it used its whole revenue for this purpose.
{{Reflist}}

==External links==
* [[Wikipedia:Serbia|Serbia]] on Wikipedia
* [http://www.nbs.rs/export/internet/english/index.html Central bank] of Serbia
* [http://www.enterprisesurveys.org/documents/EnterpriseSurveys/Reports/Serbia-2009.pdf Country profile] (pdf) from the Enterprise Studies page (part of the The World Bank Group)
* BBC [http://news.bbc.co.uk/1/hi/world/europe/country_profiles/5050584.stm country profile]
* [http://mises.org/daily/4320 Involuntary Unemployment: The Case of Serbia and Croatia] by Predrag Rajsic, May 2010
[[Category:Countries]]